シクロヘキサノール 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色澄明の液体
溶解性
水に微溶 (4g/100ml水, 20℃), アルコール, エーテル混和。エタノール及びジエチルエーテルに極めて溶けやすく、水に溶けにくい。
解説
シクロヘキサノール，C6H12O(100.16)．アノールともいう．環状脂肪族飽和アルコール類の一つ．工業的製法には，シクロヘキサンの液相空気酸化法，およびフェノールの水素化法がある．最近，旭化成において，ゼオライト触媒を用いるシクロヘキセンの水和法が工業化された．ショウノウに似た臭いをもつ無色の液体．融点25.15 ℃，沸点161.10 ℃．d4250.9416．nD251.4648．各種有機溶剤に可溶，水に微溶．二級アルコールであるが，直鎖状二級アルコールと違って酸化によって環が開裂してアジピン酸を生じる。また酸化によってシクロヘキサノンを生じるので合成原料として重要。有機溶媒として合成樹脂工業で用いられる。立体構造はイス形が安定。ナイロン原料であるアジピン酸およびカプロラクタムの製造中間体．乳化剤，溶剤として用いられる．
用途
溶剤( ゴム、塗料等) 、乳化安定剤、可塑剤
用途
シクロヘキサノン(カプロラクタム原料)原料、アジピン酸原料、医薬品抽出溶剤
用途
有機合成原料、溶剤。
化学的特性
Cyclohexanol is a sticky solid (above 25°C /77°C F) or colorless, viscous liquid. Faint camphor odor.It has a fairly high flash point and boiling range. A solvent for cellulose ethers, ester gum,shellac, low viscosity silicones and polyvinyl chloride. lt has a fairly limited use in screen inks. lt is miscible with oils and hydrocarbon solvents.
物理的性質
Clear, colorless to pale yellow, viscous, hygroscopic liquid with a camphor-like odor. A detection
odor threshold concentration of 64 μg/m
3 (155 ppb
v) was reported by Punter (1983).
使用
Cyclohexanol is used for the productionof adipic acid and caprolactam for makingnylon. Its phthalate derivatives are used forplasticizers. It is used as a stabilizer for soapsand detergents; as a solvent for lacquers,varnishes, and shellacs; and as a dye solventfor textiles.
調製方法
Cyclohexanol is prepared by the catalytic air oxidation of
cyclohexane or by the catalytic hydrogenation of phenol. The most important use of cyclohexanol is in producing
adipic acid used in the manufacture of caprolactam.
Cyclohexanol is used in the manufacture of esters for use
as plasticizers; it is also used as a chemical intermediate, a
stabilizer, a homogenizer for various soap and detergent
emulsions, and as a solvent for lacquers and varnishes .
The primary routes of occupational exposure are dermal and
inhalation.
定義
ChEBI: Cyclohexanol is an alcohol that consists of cyclohexane bearing a single hydroxy substituent. The parent of the class of cyclohexanols. It has a role as a solvent. It is a secondary alcohol and a member of cyclohexanols.
一般的な説明
A colorless liquid with a camphor-like odor. Soluble in most organic liquids. Flash point 154°F. May be toxic by inhalation or skin exposure. Vapors are narcotic in high concentrations. Irritates skin, eyes and mucus membranes. Used in making soap, lacquers, and plastics.
空気と水の反応
Less dense than water and slightly soluble in water.
反応プロフィール
Cyclohexanol is an alcohol. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of alcohols with alkali metals, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. They react with oxoacids and carboxylic acids to form esters plus water. Oxidizing agents convert them to aldehydes or ketones. Alcohols exhibit both weak acid and weak base behavior. They may initiate the polymerization of isocyanates and epoxides. Violent reaction with nitric acid. Incompatible with strong oxidizers (chromium trioxide, nitric acid, etc.).
健康ハザード
Cyclohexanol is moderately toxic. Targetorgans are the eyes, skin, and respiratorysystem. At high concentrations cyclohexanolabsorbed through the skin may possiblyinjure the brain, kidney, and heart.
LD50 value, single oral dose (rats): 2060mg/kg
LD50 value, single intravenous dose (mice):270 mg/kg
Inhalation of vapors may cause irritationof the eyes, nose, and throat. However,because of its low vapor pressure (1.12 torrat 25°C), the health hazard due to inhalationis low. Ingestion can cause nausea,trembling, and gastrointestinal disturbances.Repeated skin contact may produce erythemaand edema.
化学反応性
Reactivity with Water: No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
職業ばく露
Cyclohexanol is used in making plac-
ticizers, dry cleaning, dyebath; and textile finishing formu-
lations; as a solvent for ethyl cellulose and other resins; it
is used in soap manufacture; it is used as a raw material for
adipic acid manufacture; as a nylon intermediate.
輸送方法
UN1986 Alcohols, toxic, flammable, n.o.s.,
Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, 6.1-Poison
Inhalation Hazard, Technical Name Required.
純化方法
Reflux it with freshly ignited CaO, or dry it with Na2CO3, then fractionally distil it. Redistil it from Na. It is further purified by fractional crystallisation from the melt in dry air. Peroxides and aldehydes can be removed by prior washing with ferrous sulfate and water, followed by distillation under nitrogen from 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, using a short fractionating column: water distils as the azeotrope. Dry cyclohexanol is very hygroscopic. The 3,4-dinitrobenzoate has m 111-112o (EtOH or aqueous EtOH) It has TOXIC vapours. [Beilstein 6 III 10, 6 IV 20.]
不和合性
Forms explosive mixture in air.
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides,
permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine,
etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away
from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoa-
cids, epoxides. Attacks some plastics.
廃棄物の処理
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinera-
tor equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal,
state, and local environmental regulations must be
observed.
シクロヘキサノール 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品