노르말아밀니트릴 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
화학적 성질
Amyl nitrites are flammable, yellowish liquid
with a penetrating, fruity odor.
정의
ChEBI: A nitrite ester having n-pentyl as the alkyl group.
일반 설명
Amyl nitrite, isopentyl nitrite [(CH
3)
2CHCH
2CH
2ONO], isa mixture of isomeric amyl nitrites but is principally isoamylnitrite. It may be prepared from amyl alcohol and HNO
2 byseveral procedures. Usually, amyl nitrite is dispensed in ampul form and used by inhalation or orally in alcohol solution.Currently, it is recommended for treating cyanide poisoning;although not the best antidote, it does not require intravenousinjections.
Amyl nitrite is a yellowish liquid with an ethereal odor anda pungent taste. It is volatile and inflammable at room temperature.Amyl nitrite vapor forms an explosive mixture in air oroxygen. Inhalation of the vapor may involve definite explosionhazards if a source of ignition is present, as both roomand body temperatures are within the flammability range ofamyl nitrite mixtures with either air or oxygen. It is nearly insolublein water but is miscible with organic solvents. The nitritealso will decompose in valeric acid and nitric acid.
공기와 물의 반응
Highly flammable. Decomposes on exposure to air, light, or water. Many, but not all, will be colorless flammable toxic gases. Insoluble in water. Reaction with moisture in air or with water produces nitric acid.
반응 프로필
Pentyl nitrite is an oxidizing agent. May begin a vigorous reaction that culminates in a detonation if mixed with reducing agents, including hydrides, sulfides and nitrides.
건강위험
Inhalation or ingestion causes flushing of the face, pulsatile headache, disturbing tachycardia, cyanosis (methemoglobinemia), weakness, confusion, restlessness, faintness, and collapse. Contact with eyes or skin causes irritation.
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by
inhalation and ingestion. Causes flushing of
skin, rapid pulse, headache, and fall in blood
pressure. Mutation data reported. See also
NITRITES and ESTERS. Flammable when
exposed to heat or flame or by spontaneous
chemical reaction. To fight fire, use alcohol
foam. An oxidizing material. Vapors
explode when heated. It will react with
oxidizing or reducing materials. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of NOx.
잠재적 노출
Amyl nitrite is used to make pharmaceuticals;
perfumes, diazonium compounds, and other
chemicals.
운송 방법
UN1993 Flammable liquids, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid, Technical Name
Required.
비 호환성
Vapors may form explosive mixture with
air. Slowly decomposes in light, heat, and on contact with
water. A strong oxidizer. Contact with reducing agents and
easily oxidizable materials may cause fire and explosions.
Reported to be an explosion hazard when exposed to air and
light. Keep away from alcohols, antipyrine, alkaline materials;
alkaline carbonates; potassium iodide; bromides, and ferrous
salts. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture.
폐기물 처리
Incineration with scrubber to
remove nitrogen oxides from the combustion gases.
노르말아밀니트릴 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
