万古霉素
| 中文名称 | 万古霉素 |
|---|---|
| 中文同义词 | 万古霉素;万古霉素 万古霉素碱;相关CAS:1404-93-9;(3S,6R,7R,22R,23S,26S,36R,38AR)-3-(2-氨基-2-氧代乙基)-44-[[2-O-(3-氨基-2,3,6-三苯氧基)-3-C-甲基-Α-L-LYXO-己吡喃糖基)-Β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-10,19-二氯-2,3,4,5,6,7,23,24,25,26,36,37,38,38A-十四氢-7,22,28,30,32-五羟基-6-[[[(2R)-4-甲基-2-(甲基氨基)-1-氧戊基]氨基]-2,5,24,38,39-五氧基-22H-8,11:18,21-二苯酚-23,36-(亚氨基甲基)-13,16:31,35-二甲-1H,16H-[1,6,9]恶二氮杂环十六烷[4,5-M][10,2,16]苯并恶二氮杂;(3S,6R,7R,22R,23S,26S,36R,38AR)-3-(2-氨基-2-氧代乙基)-44-[[2-O-(3-氨基-2,3,6-三苯氧基)-3-C-甲基-Α-L-LYXO-己吡喃糖基)-Β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-10,19-二氯-2,3,4,5,6,7,23,24,25,26,36,37,38,38A-十四氢-7,22,28,30,32-五羟基-6-[[[(2R)-4-甲基-2-(甲基氨基)-1-氧戊基]氨基]-2,5,24,38,39-五氧基-22H-8,11:18,21-二苯酚-23,36-(亚氨基甲基)-13,16:31,35-二甲-1H,16H-[1,6,9]恶二氮杂环十六烷;万古霉素碱;(3S,6R,7R,22R,23S,26S,36R,38AR)-3-(2-氨基-2-氧代乙基)-44-[[2-O-(3-氨基-2,3,6-三苯氧基)-3-C-甲基-Α-L-LYXO-己吡喃糖基)-Β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-10,19-二氯-2,3,4,5,6,7,23,24,25,26,36,37,38,38A-十四氢-7,22,28,30,32-五羟基-6-[[[(2R)-4-甲基-2-(甲基氨基)-1-氧戊基]氨基]-2,5,24,38,39-五氧基-22H-8,11:18,21-二苯酚-23,36-(亚氨基甲基)-13,16:31,35-二甲-1H,16H-[1,6,9]恶二氮杂环十;(3S,6R,7R,22R,23S,26S,36R,38AR)-3-(2-氨基-2-氧代乙基)-44-[[2-O-(3-氨基-2,3,6-三苯氧基)-3-C-甲基-Α-L-LYXO-己吡喃糖基)-Β-D-吡喃葡萄糖基]氧基]-10,19-二氯-2,3,4,5,6,7,23,24,25,26,36,37,38,38A-十四氢-7,22,28,30,32-五羟基-6-[[[(2R)-4-甲基-2-(甲基氨基)-1-氧戊基]氨基]-2,5,24,38,39-五氧基-22H-8,11:18,21-二苯酚-23,3 |
| 英文名称 | Vancomycin |
| 英文同义词 | VANCOMYCIN;(3S,6R,7R,22R,23S,26S,36R,38aR)-3-(2-Amino-2-oxoethyl)-44-[[2-O-(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-3-C-methyl-α-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-10,19-dichloro-2,3,4,5,6,7,23,24,25,26,36,37,38,38a-tetradecahydro-7,22,28,30,32-pentahydroxy-6-[[(2R)-4-methyl-2-(methylamino)-1-oxopentyl]amino]-2,5,24,38,39-pentaoxo-22H-8,11:18,21-Dietheno-23,36-(iminomethano)-13,16:31,35-dimetheno-1H,16H-[1,6,9]oxadiazacyclohexadecino[4,5-m][10,2,16]benzoxadiazacyclotetracosine-26-carboxylic acid;Vancomycin USP/EP/BP;demethylvancomycin USP/EP/BP;Vancomycin,USP，≥950μg/mg;vancomycin hcl vancocin;(3S,6R,7R,22R,23S,26S,36R,38aR)-3-(2-Amino-2-oxoethyl)-44-[[2-O-(3-amino-2,3,6-trideoxy-3-C-methyl-α-L-lyxo-hexopyranosyl)-β-D-glucopyranosyl]oxy]-10,19-dichloro-2,3,4,5,6,7,23,24,25,26,36,37,38,38a-tetradecahydro-7,22,28,30,32-pentahydroxy-6-[[(2R)-4-met;Vancomycin D10 |
| CAS号 | 1404-90-6 |
| 分子式 | C66H75Cl2N9O24 |
| 分子量 | 1449.25 |
| EINECS号 | 215-772-6 |
| 相关类别 | 原料药;医药原料;原料;高纯度品质对照品;原料;功能性添加剂化工原料;培养基配套试剂;有机化工原料;化学试剂;医用原料;试剂;通用生化试剂-抗生素;化学试剂-科研试剂;抗生素;其它 |
| Mol文件 | 1404-90-6.mol |
| 结构式 |  |
万古霉素 性质
| 熔点 | >274°C (dec.) |
|---|---|
| 密度 | 1.2882 (rough estimate) |
| 折射率 | 1.7350 (estimate) |
| 储存条件 | 2-8°C |
| 溶解度 | 二甲基亚砜（微溶） |
| 酸度系数(pKa) | pKa 2.18±0.08(H2O t = 25.0±0.1 I = 0.2 (NaCl) N2 atmosphere) (Uncertain);7.75±0.02(H2O t = 25.0±0.1 I = 0.2 (NaCl) N2 atmosphere) (Uncertain);8.89±0.01(H2O t = 25.0±0.1 I = 0.2 (NaCl) N2 atmosphere) (Uncertain) |
| 形态 | 固体 |
| 颜色 | 米白色 |
| 稳定性 | 吸湿性 |
| CAS 数据库 | 1404-90-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
一种万古霉素菌株及其发酵产万古霉素的方法，包括以下步骤：
1）将万古霉素生产菌株进行液体发酵培养基培养，液体发酵种子培养基 组成为酵母粉3～6g/L，麦芽提取物3～5g/L，蛋白胨10～15g/L，葡萄糖 15～20g/L，pH为6.8；种子培养条件为：28～30℃，装液量40/250mL， 摇床转速150～220rpm，培养24～48h；液体发酵培养基组成为糊精100～150g/L，土豆蛋白15～25g/L，黄豆粉15～25g/L，磷酸氢二钾0.1～0.5g/L，消沫剂1～3g/L，氯化钠1.2～1.6g/L，pH 6.8～7.2，培养条件为28～30℃，装液量40/250mL，摇床转速150～220rpm，培养90～130h，所得溶液为 含净抗生素活性洗脱液；
2）在沉淀容器中沉淀步骤1）中所得的含净抗生素活性洗脱液，得到晶体浆料，并且搅拌该晶体浆料，将PH值连续调节至所需程度，直至完全沉淀，得到晶体沉淀物；
3）将步骤2）得到的晶体沉淀物溶解为水溶液，然后通过阴离子交换树脂将其转为万古霉素。
Vancomycin是一种抗生素，用于治疗各种细菌感染。Vancomycin is a large glycopeptide compound with a molecular weight of 1450 Da. Vancomycin is a unique glycopeptide structurally unrelated to any currently available antibiotic. It also has a unique mode of action inhibiting the second stage of cell wall synthesis of susceptible bacteria. Vancomycin is active against a large number of species of Gram-positive bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, Staph. epidermidis, Str. agalactiae, Str. bovis, Str. mutans, viridans streptococci, enterococci .
Vancomycin is administered intravenously, with a standard infusion time of at least 1 h, to minimize infusion-related adverse effects. Subjects with normal creatinine clearance, vancomycin has an α-distribution phase of 30 min to 1 h and a β-elimination half-life of 6-12 h. The volume of distribution is 0.4–1 L/kg. The binding of vancomycin to protein ranges from 10% to 50%. Factors that affect the overall activity of vancomycin include its tissue distribution, inoculum size, and protein-binding effects. Vancomycin treatment of infected mice is associated with improved clinical, diarrhea, and histopathology scores and survival during treatment.