n-Butylacetat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE FLüSSIGKEIT MIT CHARAKTERISTISCHEM GERUCH.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Die Dämpfe sind schwerer als Luft und können sich am Boden ausbreiten. Fernzündung möglich.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert mit starken Oxidationsmitteln, starken Säurenund starken Basenunter Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr. Greift viele Kunststoffe und Gummi an.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 150 ppm (als TWA); 200 ppm (als STEL); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 100 ppm, 480 mg/m? Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor I(2); Schwangerschaft: Gruppe C; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation der Dämpfe.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C tritt langsam eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft ein.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Atemwege. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem. Exposition weit oberhalb der Arbeitsplatzgrenzwerte kann Bewusstseinstrübung verursachen.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Die Flüssigkeit entfettet die Haut.
LECKAGE
Belüftung. Zündquellen entfernen. Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Metall- oder Glasbehältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzfilter für organische Gase und Dämpfe.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R10:Entzündlich.
R66:Wiederholter Kontakt kann zu spröder oder rissiger Haut führen.
R67:Dämpfe können Schläfrigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S25:Berührung mit den Augen vermeiden.
Beschreibung
Butyl acetate is a clear, flammable ester of acetic acid that occurs in n-, sec-, and tert- forms (INCHEM, 2005). Butyl acetate isomers have a fruity, banana-like odor (Furia, 1980). Isomers of butyl acetate are found in apples (Nicholas, 1973) and other fruits (Bisesi, 1994), as a well as in a number of food products, such as cheese, coffee, beer, roasted nuts, vinegar (Maarse and Visscher, 1989). Butyl acetate is manufactured via esterification of the respective alcohol with acetic acid or acetic anhydride (Bisesi, 1994). N-butyl acetate is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose-based lacquers, inks, and adhesives. Other uses include manufacture of artificial leathers, photographic film, safety glass, and plastics (Budavari, 1996). Isomers of butyl acetate are also used as flavoring agents, in manicure products, and as larvicides (Bisesi, 1994). The tert-isomer has been used as a gasoline additive (Budavari, 1996). It may be used as a synthetic fruit flavoring in candy, ice cream, cheeses, and baked goods (Dikshith, 2013).
Chemische Eigenschaften
Butyl acetate is a colorless or yellowish liquid with a strong fruity odor. burning and then sweet taste reminiscent of pineapple. It occurs in many fruits and is a constituent of apple aromas. Butyl acetate is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong acids, and strong bases.
There are 4 isomers. At 20 °C, the density of the n-butyl isomer is 0.8825 g/ cm3, and the density of the sec-isomer is 0.8758 g/cm3 (Bisesi, 1994). The n-butyl isomer is soluble in most hydrocarbons and acetone, and it is miscible with ethanol, ethyl ether, and chloroform (Haynes, 2010). It dissolves many plastics and resins (NIOSH, 1981).
Physikalische Eigenschaften
Clear, colorless liquid with a strong fruity odor resembling bananas. Sweetish taste as low
concentrations (<30 μg/L). Experimentally determined detection and recognition odor threshold
concentrations were 30 μg/m
3 (6.3 ppb
v) and 18 μg/m
3 (38 ppb
v), respectively (Hellman and
Small, 1974). Cometto-Mu?iz et al. (2000) reported nasal pungency threshold concentrations
ranged from approximately 550 to 3,500 ppm.
Occurrence
Reported present in rum ether, pears, pear brandy, cider, mango, mountain papaya (C. pubescens), soybean,
roasted peanuts and honey and other natural products.
Verwenden
Butyl Acetate is a flavoring agent which is a clear, colorless liquid
possessing a fruity and strong odor. it is sparingly soluble in water
and miscible in alcohol, ether, and propylene glycol. it is also termed
n-butyl acetate.
Definition
ChEBI: Butyl acetate is the acetate ester of butanol. It has a role as a metabolite. It is functionally related to a butan-1-ol.
synthetische
By esterification of n-butyl alcohol with acetic acid.
Vorbereitung Methode
Butyl alcohol is combined with acetic acid in the presence of
a catalyst such as sulfuric acid. After esterification is complete,
the solution is distilled to yield butyl acetate .
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with a fruity odor. Flash point 72 - 88°F. Density 7.4 lb / gal (less than water). Hence floats on water. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Highly flammable. Very slightly soluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Butyl acetate is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides. Attacks many plastics. [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 233].
Hazard
Skin irritant, toxic. Flammable, moderate
fire risk. Eye and upper respiratory tract irritant.
Health Hazard
Exposures to n-butyl acetate cause harmful effects that include, but are not limited to, coughing and shortness of breath. High concentrations have a narcotic effect, with symp toms such as sore throat, abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. High concen trations of n-butyl acetate cause severe poisoning. Prolonged periods of exposure cause adverse effects to the lungs, the nervous system, and the mucous membranes. Repeated skin contact causes skin dryness or cracking, and dermatitis.
Brandgefahr
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by
intraperitoneal route. Mdly toxic by
inhalation and ingestion. An experimental
teratogen. A skin and severe eye irritant.
Human systemic effects by inhalation:
conjunctiva irritation, unspecified nasal and
respiratory system effects. A mild allergen.
High concentrations are irritating to eyes
and respiratory tract and cause narcosis.
Evidence of chronic systemic toxicity is
inconclusive. Flammable liquid. Moderately
explosive when exposed to flame. Ignites on
contact with potassium tert-butoxide. To
fight fire, use alcohol foam, CO2, dry
chemical. When heated to decomposition it
emits acrid and irritating fumes. See also
ESTERS.
mögliche Exposition
n-Butyl acetate is an important solvent
in the production of lacquers, leather and airplane dopes,
and perfumes. It is used as a solvent and gasoline additive.
sec-Butyl acetate is used as a widely used solvent for
nitrocellulose, nail enamels and many different purposes.
tert-Butyl acetate is common industrial solvent used in the
making of lacquers, artificial leather, airplane dope, perfume; and as a food additive. Isobutyl acetate is used as a
solvent and in perfumes and artificial flavoring materials
Carcinogenicity
There are no indications of mutagenic or
cytogenic effects for n-butyl acetate.
Lager
n-Butyl acetate should be kept stored in a segregated and approved area. Workers
should keep the container in a cool, well-ventilated area, closed tightly, and sealed
until ready for use. Workers should avoid all possible sources of ignition/spark at the
workplace
Versand/Shipping
UN1123 Butyl acetates, Hazard Class: 3; Labels:
3—Flammable liquid.
läuterung methode
Distil, reflux with successive small portions of KMnO4 until the colour persists, dry with anhydrous CaSO4, filter and redistil. [Beilstein 2 IV 143.]
Inkompatibilitäten
All butyl acetates are incompatible with
nitrates, strong oxidizers; strong alkalies; strong acids.
Butyl acetates may form explosive mixture with air; reacts
with water, on standing, to form acetic acid and n-butyl
alcohol. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers and
potassium-tert-butoxide. Dissolves rubber, many plastics,
resins and some coatings. May accumulate static electrical
charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors
Waste disposal
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical
incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.
All federal, state, and local environmental regulations
must be observed.
Vorsichtsmaßnahmen
On exposure to Butyl acetate, immediately wash with plenty of water, also under the eyelids, for at least 15 min. Remove contact lenses. Butyl acetate is flammable in the pres ence of open flames, sparks, oxidizing materials, acids, and alkalis. It poses explosion risk in the presence of mechanical impact. For health safety, management authorities should provide exhaust ventilation facilities at the workplace to keep the airborne concentrations of vapors of Butyl acetate below TLV.
n-Butylacetat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
