ヨウ化カリウム [一般有機合成用] 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色若しくは白色の結晶又は白色の結晶性の粉末
定義
本品は、次の化学式で表されるカリウム塩である。
溶解性
水に易溶 (24.4g/100ml), エタノールに可溶。水に極めて溶けやすく、エタノールにやや溶けにくい。
解説
化学式KI。ヨードカリ，ヨウポツ(沃剝)と俗称される。天然には海水，かん(鹹)水などに含まれる。無色立方晶系結晶。塩化ナトリウム型構造，格子定数7.0655Å。比重3.13。融点680℃，沸点1330℃。気体におけるイオン対K＋―I－の原子間距離は3.0478Å。水100gに対する溶解度127.5g(0℃)，208g(100℃)。エチルアルコール，メチルアルコール，アセトン，グリセリンに溶け，エーテルには難溶。
株式会社平凡社 世界大百科事典 第２版について 情報
用途
写真薬、有機合成原料、分析用試薬、オキシダント測定用、飼料添加物 (化学工業日報社)
用途
オキシダント測定用吸収液調製用。
用途
汎用試薬。
用途
医薬品、製剤原料。
用途
写真製版用、医薬原料
効能
抗真菌薬, 去痰薬, ヨウ素補充薬
特長
普通品に比し長期間の保存でもブロッキング起こりにくく、サラサラとして取り扱いやすい。
商品名
ヨウ化カリウム (マイラン製薬); ヨウ化カリウム (小堺製薬); ヨウ化カリウム (小堺製薬); ヨウ化カリウム (山善製薬); ヨウ化カリウム (日医工); ヨウ化カリウム (日医工); ヨウ化カリウム (日医工); ヨウ化カリウム (日興製薬)
使用上の注意
湿った空気中でわずかに潮解する。
化学的特性
White crystals, granules, or powder;
strong, bitter, saline taste. Soluble in water, alcohol, acetone, and glyc-
erol.
天然物の起源
Potassium iodide is found in seaweed. Some important applications of this compound involve its use in pharmaceuticals and as a source of iodine in food,especially in animal and poultry feed. Potassium iodide is added to table salt to provide iodine in human food.
Another major use is in making photographic emulsions. In analytical chemistry, potassium iodide is used in iodometric titration with starch indicator to analyze dissolved oxygen, dissolved chlorine, sulfide, and other analytes in water.
使用
Potassium Iodide is a source of iodine and a nutrient and dietary supplement. it exists as crystals or powder and has a solubility of 1 g in 0.7 ml of water at 25°c. it is included in table salt for the preven- tion of goiter.Potassium Iodide is used primarily used in the treatment of radiation poisoning due to environmental contamination by iodine-131.
使用
Potassium iodide is a white crystal, granule or powder made by
the reaction of iodine with hot potassium hydroxide solution
followed by crystallization. It is very soluble in water, alcohol,
and acetone. Potassium iodide was first used as the primary
halide in Talbot’s calotype process, then in the albumen on
glass process followed by the wet collodion process. It was also
used as a secondary halide in silver bromide gelatin emulsions.
使用
manufacture of photographic emulsions; in animal and poultry feeds to the extent of 10-30 parts per million; in table salt as a source of iodine and in some drinking water; also In animal chemistry. In medicine,potassium iodide is used to regulate the thyroid gland.
定義
potassium iodide: A white crystallinesolid, KI, with a strong bittertaste, soluble in water, ethanol, andacetone; cubic; r.d. 3.13; m.p. 681°C;b.p. 1330°C. It may be prepared bythe reaction of iodine with hot potassiumhydroxide solution followed by separation from the iodate (which isalso formed) by fractional crystallization.In solution it has the interestingproperty of dissolving iodine to formthe triiodide ion I
3-, which is brown.Potassium iodide is widely used as ananalytical reagent, in photography,and also as an additive to table salt toprevent goitre and other disordersdue to iodine deficiency.
定義
A compound that contains pentavalent iodine, which
is usually ionically bound to electropositive atoms.
brand name
Iosat (Anbex); Thyro-Block (Medpointe); Thyrosafe
(R R Registrations); Thyroshield (Fleming).
一般的な説明
Etching readily controlled with minimum undercutting. Room temperature operated. Cyanide-free for standard applications. Etch rate of 28 angstrom/sec @ 25 °C.
空気と水の反応
Water soluble.
反応プロフィール
Bromine trifluoride rapidly attacks the following salts: barium chloride, cadmium chloride, calcium chloride, cesium chloride, lithium chloride, silver chloride, rubidium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium chloride, Potassium iodide, rhodium tetrabromide, sodium bromide, sodium chloride, and sodium iodide [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:164, 165. 1956].
健康ハザード
May irritate eyes or open cuts.
臨床応用
Potassium iodide is used to treat the cutaneous lymphatic
form of sporotrichosis, although newer agents
are also effective in this disorder and may be better tolerated tolerated.
The drug is also used for erythema nodosum and
nodular vasculitis.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by intravenous
route. Moderately toxic by ingestion and
intraperitoneal routes. Human teratogenic
effects by ingestion: developmental
abnormalities of the endocrine system.
Experimental teratogenic and reproductive
effects. Mutation data reported. Explosive
reaction with charcoal + ozone,
trifluoroacetyl hypofluorite, fluorine
perchlorate. Violent reaction or ignition on
contact with dazonium salts, diisopropyl
peroxydicarbonate, bromine pentafluoride,
chlorine trifluoride. Incompatible with
oxidants, BrF3, FClO, metaltic salts, calomel.
When heated to decomposition it emits very
toxic fumes of K2O and I-. See also
IODIDES.
純化方法
Crystallise it from distilled water (0.5mL/g) by filtering the near-boiling solution and cooling. To minimise oxidation to iodine, the process can be carried out under N2 and the salt is dried under a vacuum over P2O5 at 70-100o. Before drying, the crystals can be washed with EtOH or with acetone followed by pet ether. It has also been recrystallised from water/ethanol. After 2 recrystallisations, ACS/USP grade had Li and Sb at <0.02 and <0.01 ppm respectively. [Lingane & Kolthoff Inorg Synth I 163 1939.]
ヨウ化カリウム [一般有機合成用] 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品
