クロロアセトン 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
溶解性
水 (10g/100ml, 20℃), 有機溶媒に可溶。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水に溶ける。
解説
monochloroacetone．C3H5ClO(92.53)．CH2ClCOCH3．クロロアセトン, 塩化カルシウムの存在下，アセトンに塩素を作用させると得られる．融点－44.5 ℃，沸点119 ℃．d164 1.162．水，有機溶媒に易溶．長時間光に当てると着色し，重合する．森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
染料、農薬中間体
用途
有機合成原料。
用途
クロロアセトン, 催涙性で皮膚に炎症を起こす．カラー写真の発色剤，医薬品，香料に用いられる．また，殺虫剤の合成中間体でもある．
使用上の注意
強催涙性、刺激性。安定剤による濁り及び沈殿がある。
化学的特性
colourless to dark yellow liquid
使用
Chloroacetone was used in the synthesis of double-chain nonionic surfactants with an acid decomposition function via acid-catalyzed condensation with fatty alcohols (octyl, decyl and dodecyl). It was also used in the synthesis of meso-tetramethyl tetrakis-(4-phenoxy acetone)calix[4]pyrrole. It can also be used to make dye couplers for color photography and used in the Feist-Benary synthesis of furans.
定義
A lachrymator.
一般的な説明
A yellow-colored liquid with an irritating pungent odor. Light sensitive, but stabilized with the addition of small amounts of water and/or calcium carbonate. Slightly soluble in water and denser than water. Vapors much heavier than air. Irritates skin and eyes. Very toxic by ingestion or inhalation. Used to make other chemicals. A lachrymator.
空気と水の反応
Highly flammable. Water soluble.
反応プロフィール
CHLOROACETONE turns dark and resinifies on prolonged exposure to light [Merck]. This occurred in a bottle during storage for two years on a shelf in diffused light. A few days after the bottle was moved, Chloroacetone exploded [Ind. Eng. News 9: 184(1931)]. Is stabilized by addition of 0.1% water or 0.1% CaCO3.
危険性
Strong irritant to tissue, eyes, and mucous
membranes; toxic by ingestion and skin contact.
Upper respiratory tract irritant.
健康ハザード
TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled, ingested or absorbed through skin. Inhalation or contact with some of these materials will irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
火災危険
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion and poison hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by inhalation,
ingestion, and skin contact. Mutation data
reported. A lachrymator poison gas. See also
CHLORINATED HYDROCARBONS,
ALIPHATIC; ACETONE. Flammable
when exposed to heat or flame, or oxidizers. Old material can explode. When heated to
decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes.
純化方法
Dissolve it in water and shake it repeatedly with small amounts of diethyl ether which extracts, preferentially, 1,1-dichloroacetone present as an impurity. The chloroacetone is then extracted from the aqueous phase using a large amount of diethyl ether, and distilled at slightly reduced pressure. It is dried with CaCl2 and stored at Dry-ice temperature. Alternatively, it was stood over CaSO4, distilled and stored over CaSO4. It is steam volatile. The 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazone forms yellow needles from EtOH with m 120o or 124o. [Beilstein 1 IV 3215.] LACHRYMATOR with toxic vapour.
クロロアセトン 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品