Bacampicillin was synthesized by Ekstrom¨ et al. of Astra Lakemedel in 1975. It is ¨ more stable against acid than ampicillin and more rapidly absorbed orally; its absorption is less affected by a patient’s most recent meal than is the case for ampicillin. Bacampicillin is hydrolyzed by intestinal esterase after oral administration and then behaves the same as ampicillin. In double-blind comparison studies, bacampicillin was shown to be as effective as ampicillin when administered at half the dose.
화학적 성질
White or almost white powder or granules, hygroscopic.
용도
Bacampicillin is a penicillin class of antibiotic. Bacampicillin is a prodrug of ampicillin (A634300) with improved oral bioavailability.
정의
ChEBI: The hydrochloride salt of bacampicillin.
Clinical Use
Bacampicillin hydrochloride (Spectrobid) is the hydrochloridesalt of the 1-ethoxycarbonyloxyethyl ester of ampicillin.It is a prodrug of ampicillin with no antibacterial activity.After oral absorption, bacampicillin is hydrolyzed rapidly byesterases in the plasma to form ampicillin. Oral absorption of bacampicillin is more rapid and completethan that of ampicillin and less affected by food.Plasma levels of ampicillin from oral bacampicillin exceedthose of oral ampicillin or amoxicillin for the first 2.5 hoursbut thereafter are the same as for ampicillin and amoxicillin.49 Effective plasma levels are sustained for 12 hours,allowing twice-a-day dosing.
Safety Profile
Poison by intraperitoneal andintravenous routes. Mildly toxic by ingestion andsubcutaneous routes. When heated to decomposition itemits very toxic fumes of NOx, SOx, and HCl.
