디알릴아민 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
화학적 성질
Diallylamine is a clear colourless to yellow flammable liquid. Soluble in water, alcohol, ether, benzene, with ammonia smell. It can be detected, but it is not unpleasant at 2-9 ppm and is not intolerable at 70 ppm.
용도
Diallylamine is used as a solvent and in organic synthesis, including crop protection, an auxiliary in paper making, ionic water purifier, polymer monomer, pharmaceutical intermediate, etc. It is also used in the production of N,N-diallyldimethylammonium chloride and N,N-diallyldichloroacetamide, which is used as a safener in the preemergence herbicide EPTC (S-ethyl dipropylthiocarbamate).
제조 방법
Diallylamine is synthesized by hydrolysis of diallyl cyanamide. The hydrolysis reaction was carried out in a sulfuric acid medium, and the reflux was moderated for 6h. Yield 80-88%.
일반 설명
A liquid with a disagreeable odor. Less dense than water. Flash point 70°F. May be toxic by inhalation and skin absorption. Irritates skin and eyes. Used to make other chemicals.
공기와 물의 반응
Highly flammable. Soluble in water.
반응 프로필
Diallylamine neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides.
건강위험
May cause toxic effects if inhaled or ingested/swallowed. Contact with substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
화재위험
Diallylamine is a flammable liquid and a dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame. Vapors may travel to a source of ignition and flash back, while containers may explode in the heat of a fire. The compound may present a vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors, or in sewers. When heated to decomposition, diallylamine emits toxic fumes of NOx (Lewis, 1992).
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion,
skin contact, and intraperitoneal routes.
Moderately toxic by inhalation. Human
systemic effects by inhalation route: eye
lachrymation and changes in the trachea or
bronchi. A skin and severe eye irritant. A
dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat
or flame. When heated to decomposition it
emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also
AMINES and ALLYL COMPOUNDS.
Toxicology
Diallylamine can cause myocardial degeneration as well as damage to the kidneys and liver. This has been observed in rats and rabbits. Allylamines cause a severe primary fibrosis of the myocardium, The oral application of allylamine in the drinking water over 81–104 days caused a dose-dependent myocardial degeneration in rats.
Purification Methods
Keep the amine over KOH pellets overnight, decant and distil it from a few pellets of KOH at atmospheric pressure (b 108-111o), then fractionate through a Vigreux column (p 11). [Vliet J Am Chem Soc 46 1307 1924, Org Synth Coll Vol 1 201 1941.] The hydrochloride has m 164-165o (from Me2CO/EtOH). [Butler & Angels J Am Chem Soc 79 3128 1957.]
디알릴아민 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
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