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| | Lactonitrile Basic information |
| | Lactonitrile Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | -40.15°C | | Boiling point | 90 °C17 mm Hg(lit.) | | density | 0.991 g/mL at 20 °C(lit.) | | vapor pressure | 15.9Pa at 25℃ | | refractive index | n20/D 1.404 | | Fp | 77 °C | | storage temp. | Refrigerator, under inert atmosphere | | solubility | DMSO (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly) | | form | Oil | | pka | 11.38±0.20(Predicted) | | color | Colourless | | BRN | 605366 | | LogP | -0.32 at 25℃ | | CAS DataBase Reference | 78-97-7(CAS DataBase Reference) | | NIST Chemistry Reference | Propanenitrile, 2-hydroxy-(78-97-7) | | EPA Substance Registry System | Lactonitrile (78-97-7) |
| | Lactonitrile Usage And Synthesis |
| Chemical Properties | Lactonitrile, is soluble in water and alcohol, but insoluble in diethyl ether and carbon disulfide. Lactonitrile is used chiefly to manufacture lactic acid and its derivatives, primarily ethyl lactate. | | Uses | 2-Hydroxypropanenitrile is a useful compound for efficient lactamide synthesis by fed batch method using nitrile hydratase of Rhodococcus pyridinivorans NIT-36. | | Uses | It is used primarily as a solvent, and as an
intermediate in production of ethyl acetate and lactic acid. | | Production Methods | Lactonitrile is manufactured from equimolar amounts of acetaldehyde and hydrogen cyanide containing 1.5% of 20% NaOH at ?10–20 °C. The product is stabilized with sulfuric acid. Sulfuric acid hydrolyzes the nitrile to give a mixture of lactic acid and ammonium bisulfate. This mixture can be purified by adding methanol to form methyl lactate which is separated from the ammonium bisulfate. The methyl lactate is distilled, then hydrolyzed back to the aqueous acid. Removal of most of the water yields 90% lactic acid. | | Production Methods | Lactonitrile is derived from acetaldehyde and hydrocyanic
acid. | | General Description | Straw colored liquid. Used as a solvent /intermediate in production of ethyl lactate and lactic acid. | | Air & Water Reactions | Water soluble. | | Reactivity Profile | Lactonitrile is incompatible with strong acids, strong bases and strong reducing agents. Lactonitrile is also incompatible with strong oxidizers. In the presence of alkali, Lactonitrile evolves toxic compounds. . | | Health Hazard | Extremely toxic by oral, skin, or eye contact. | | Fire Hazard | Cyanide fumes released when heated to decomposition. Avoid alkali, oxidizing material. |
| | Lactonitrile Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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