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Product Name:Cesium (99.9+%) (prescored ampoule)
CAS:7440-46-2
Purity:(99.9+%) Package:1g;25g;5g |
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Meryer (Shanghai) Chemical Technology Co., Ltd.
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Product Name:CesiuM
CAS:7440-46-2
Purity:99.95+% Remarks:21919 |
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Product Name:CesiuM, 99.8% (Metals basis)
CAS:7440-46-2
Package:1g Remarks:043005 |
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Energy Chemical
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Product Name:CesiuM
CAS:7440-46-2
Purity:99.98%(Metalsbasis) Package:1g,25g,5g |
|
| | Cesium Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | 28.5 °C(lit.)
| | Boiling point | 705 °C(lit.)
| | density | 1.873 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
| | vapor pressure | 1 mm Hg ( 279 °C)
| | storage temp. | 2-8°C
| | solubility | H2O: soluble
| | form | ingot
| | color | Silver | | resistivity | 19 μΩ-cm, 0°C | | Water Solubility | reacts with H2O to evolve H2; soluble liquid NH3 [MER06] | | Sensitive | moisture sensitive | | Merck | 13,2018 | | Stability: | Flammable solid; highly flammable in powder form. Moisture-sensitive. Incompatible with chlorine, phosphorus, water. | | CAS DataBase Reference | 7440-46-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| | Cesium Usage And Synthesis |
| Occurrence and Uses | Cesium was discovered by Bunsen and Kirchoff in 1860. It is found in the minerals pollucite, lepidolite, and the borate rhodizite. Pollucite, CsAlSi2O6, is a hydrated silicate of aluminum and cesium. The concentration of cesium in the earth’s crust is estimated to be 3 mg/kg, and in sea water 0.3μg/L.
Cesium is used as a getter in electron tubes. Other applications are in photoelectric cells; ion propulsion systems; heat transfer fluid in power generators; and atomic clocks. The radioactive Cs-37 has prospective applications in sterilization of wheat, flour, and potatoes.
| | Production | Cesium is obtained from its ore pollucite. The element in pure form may be prepared by several methods: (i) electrolysis of fused cesium cyanide, (ii) thermal reduction of cesium chloride with calcium at elevated temperatures, and (iii) thermal decomposition of cesium azide. It is stored under mineral oil. The element must be handled under argon atmosphere.
| | Chemical Properties | silvery, light ductile metal | | History | Cesium was discovered spectroscopically by Bunsen and
Kirchhoff in 1860 in mineral water from Durkheim. Cesium, an
alkali metal, occurs in lepidolite, pollucite (a hydrated silicate of
aluminum and cesium), and in other sources. One of the world’s
richest sources of cesium is located at Bernic Lake, Manitoba.
The deposits are estimated to contain 300,000 tons of pollucite,
averaging 20% cesium. It can be isolated by electrolysis of the
fused cyanide and by a number of other methods. Very pure,
gas-free cesium can be prepared by thermal decomposition of
cesium azide. The metal is characterized by a spectrum containing
two bright lines in the blue along with several others in
the red, yellow, and green. It is silvery white, soft, and ductile. It
is the most electropositive and most alkaline element. Cesium,
gallium, and mercury are the only three metals that are liquid
at room temperature. Cesium reacts explosively with cold water,
and reacts with ice at temperatures above –116°C. Cesium
hydroxide, the strongest base known, attacks glass. Because of
its great affinity for oxygen the metal is used as a “getter” in
electron tubes. It is also used in photoelectric cells, as well as
a catalyst in the hydrogenation of certain organic compounds.
The metal has recently found application in ion propulsion systems.
Cesium is used in atomic clocks, which are accurate to 5 s
in 300 years. A second of time is now defined as being the duration
of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to
the transition between the two hyper-fine levels of the ground
state of the cesium-133 atom. Its chief compounds are the chloride
and the nitrate. Cesium has 52 isotopes and isomers with
masses ranging from 112 to 148. The present price of cesium is
about $50/g (99.98%) sealed in a glass ampoule. | | Uses | In photoelectric cells, as a "getter" in vacuum tubes; in photoemitter devices, scintillation counters. Adsorbent in CO2 purifn; scavenger of gases and impurities in metallurgy. For doping catalysts. For construction and operation of one type of atomic clock based on the vibrational frequency (9,192.76 megacycles/sec) of 133Cs. 137Cs in process control instruments, sewage and sludge sterilization. | | Definition | An alkali-metal element of group IA of the periodic
table, atomic number 55, aw 132.9054, valence 1.
No stable isotopes.
| | General Description | A soft metallic solid. Melts at 85°F. Causes burns to skin and eyes. | | Air & Water Reactions | Highly flammable. Cesium is spontaneously flammable in air at room temperature, if the surface is clean [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Reacts with water to generate enough heat to ignite the hydrogen produced during the reaction, and to generate caustic Cesium hydroxide [Mellor 2 419 1946-47]. | | Reactivity Profile | Cesium METAL reacts violently with oxidizing agents, even weaker ones. Reacts with boron trifluoride with incandescence when heated [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Reacts explosively with maleic anhydride [Chem Safety Data Sheet SD-88 1962; Chem. Haz. Info. Series C-71 1960]. Burns in chlorine with a luminous flame [Mellor 2 Supp. 1:380 1956]. Reacts violently with most acids. Reacts violently with fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine. Reacts with incandescence with sulfur and phosphorus. Burns vigorously in air. | | Hazard | Dangerous fire and explosion risk, ignites
spontaneously in moist air, may explode in contact
with sulfur or phosphorus, reacts violently with oxi-
dizing materials, causes burns in contact with skin.
| | Health Hazard | Inhalation or contact with vapors, substance or decomposition products may cause severe injury or death. May produce corrosive solutions on contact with water. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution. | | Fire Hazard | Produce flammable gases on contact with water. May ignite on contact with water or moist air. Some react vigorously or explosively on contact with water. May be ignited by heat, sparks or flames. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished. Some are transported in highly flammable liquids. Runoff may create fire or explosion hazard. | | Safety Profile | Moderately toxic by
intraperitoneal route. Cesium is quite similar
to potassium in its elemental state. It has
been shown, however, to have pronounced
physiological action in experimentation with
animals. Hyper-irritability, including marked
spasms, has been shown to follow the
administration of cesium in amounts equal
to the potassium content of the diet. It has
been found that replacing the potassium in
the diet of rats with cesium caused death
after 10-17 days. Ignites spontaneously in
air. Violent reaction with water, moisture, or
steam releases hydrogen gas whch explodes.
Violent reaction with acids, halogens, and
other oxidizing materials. Incandescent
reaction with nonmetals (e.g., sulfur,
phosphorus). See also SODIUM. |
| | Cesium Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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