Salicylaldehyd Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich bei Berührung mit der Haut und beim Verschlucken.
R36/38:Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
R68:Irreversibler Schaden möglich.
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R20/21/22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Einatmen,Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
Aussehen Eigenschaften
C7H6O2; 2-Hydroxybenzaldehyd. Gelbliche Flüssigkeit mit Eigengeruch.
Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt
Gesundheitsschädlich bei Berührung mit der Haut und beim Verschlucken. Reizt die Augen und die Haut.
Nicht über den Schmelzpunkt erwärmen. Kontakt mit Fluor, Luft, Oxidationsmitteln und Halogenen vermeiden.
LD
50 (oral, Ratte): 520 mg/kg
Schutzmaßnahmen und Verhaltensregeln
Schutzhandschuhe als kurzzeitiger Spritzschutz.
Verhalten im Gefahrfall
Mit flüssigkeitsbindendem Material aufnehmen. Der Entsorgung zuführen. Nachreinigen.
Kohlendioxid, Wasser, Pulver.
Brennbar. Mit Luft Bildung explosionsfähiger Gemische möglich.
Erste Hilfe
Nach Hautkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser abwaschen.
Nach Augenkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser bei geöffnetem Lidspalt mindestens 15 Minuten ausspülen. Sofort Augenarzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Einatmen: Frischluft. Arzt Hinzuziehen.
Nach Verschlucken: Viel Wasser trinken. Erbrechen auslösen. Arzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Kleidungskontakt: Kontaminierte Kleidung sofort entfernen.
Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag
Sachgerechte Entsorgung
Als halogenfreie, organische Lösemittelabfälle.
Beschreibung
Salicylaldehyde (2-hydroxybenzaldehyde) is an organic compound with the formula C6H4CHO-2-OH. Along with 3-hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde, it is one of the three isomers of hydroxybenzaldehyde. It is a colorless or pale yellow liquid with a bitter almond odor and a burning taste. It is soluble in alcohol, benzene, and ether, and very slightly soluble in water. Salicylaldehyde is found in shrubs of the genus Spiraea and is usually produced from phenol by the action of chloroform in the presence of an alkali base. It is used in the production of coumarin, saligenin, and salicylaldoxime (an important analytical reagent), and also in analytical chemistry—for example, to detect hydrazine. Besides, salicylaldehyde is a key precursor to various chelating agents and a flavouring ingredient.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Salicylaldehyde is a colourless to yellow oily liquid with a pungent, irritating, bitter, almond-like odor similar to benzaldehyde, acetophenone and nitrobenzene, but with phenolic notes. It has a nut-like, coumarin flavor at low levels. slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ether. It turns purple in case of ferric chloride.
Occurrence
Occurs frequently in nature; in the flowers of Spirea ulmaria and other Spireae, in the roots of Crepis foetida L., in the fruits of Pinus avium, in the rind of Rauqolfia caffra, in the leaves of Ceanothus velutinus and in the essential oil of Cinnamomum cassia and of tobacco leaves. Also reported found in grapes, tomato, baked potato, cinnamon bark, cassia leaf, peppermint oil, pennyroyal oil, parmesan cheese, butter, milk powder, roasted chicken, beer, rum, Japanese whiskey, sherry, coffee, tea, soybean, mushroom, buckwheat, Bourbon vanilla, Chinese quince, Muscat grape, vanilla and mastic gum oil.
synthetische
Salicylaldehyde is synthesized from phenol, chloroform, and alkali according to the Reimer–Tiemman method, which was developed in 1876. starting material for the manufacture of coumarin.
Definition
ChEBI: Salicylaldehyde is a hydroxybenzaldehyde carrying a hydroxy substituent at position 2. It has a role as a nematicide and a plant metabolite.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Liquid; colorless or pale yellow; bitter almond odor. Sinks and mixes slowly in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Salicylaldehyde is an aldehyde. Aldehydes are frequently involved in self-condensation or polymerization reactions. These reactions are exothermic; they are often catalyzed by acid. Aldehydes are readily oxidized to give carboxylic acids. Flammable and/or toxic gases are generated by the combination of aldehydes with azo, diazo compounds, dithiocarbamates, nitrides, and strong reducing agents. Aldehydes can react with air to give first peroxo acids, and ultimately carboxylic acids. These autoxidation reactions are activated by light, catalyzed by salts of transition metals, and are autocatalytic (catalyzed by the products of the reaction). The addition of stabilizers (antioxidants) to shipments of aldehydes retards autoxidation.
Health Hazard
Salicylaldehyde is a skin irritant; 500 mg/daycaused moderate irritation to rabbit skin. Itcan have injurious effects on fertility. Studieson rats indicate that subcutaneous administrationof salicylaldehyde in a high doseof >400 mg/kg can produce developmentalabnormalities, fetal death, and postimplantationmortality.
The toxicity of this compound, however,is low. No toxic symptoms were noted.
LD50 value, oral (rats): 520 mg/kg
LD50 value, skin (rats): 600 mg/kg.
Brandgefahr
Combustible. Can react with oxidizing materials.
läuterung methode
It is precipitated as the bisulfite addition compound by pouring the aldehyde slowly and with stirring into a 25% solution of NaHSO3 in 30% EtOH, then standing for 30minutes. The precipitate, after filtering at the pump, and washing with EtOH, is decomposed with aqueous 10% NaHCO3, and the aldehyde is extracted into diethyl ether, dried with Na2SO4 or MgSO4, and distilled, under reduced pressure. Alternatively, salicylaldehyde is precipitated as its Cu complex by adding it to warm, saturated aqueous Cu(OAc)2, shaking and standing in ice. The precipitate is filtered off, washed with EtOH, then Et2O, and decomposed with 10% H2SO4; the aldehyde is extracted into Et2O, dried and vacuum distilled. It was also purified by dry column chromatography on Kieselgel G [Nishiya et al. J Am Chem Soc 108 3880 1986]. The acetyl derivative has m 38-39o (from pet ether or EtOH) and b 142o/18mm, 253o/atm. [Beilstein 8 IV 176.] The oxime, [94-67-7] M 137.1, crystallises CHCl3/pet ether (b 40-60o) with m 57o [Beilstein 8 IV 203.]
Waste disposal
Salicylaldehyde is burned in a chemicalincinerator equipped with an afterburner andscrubber.
Einzelnachweise
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salicylaldehyde
- https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/salicylaldehyde#section=Top
- http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-salicylaldehyde.htm
- https://www.merriam-webster.com/medical/salicylaldehyde
- http://encyclopedia2.thefreedictionary.com/Salicylaldehyde
Salicylaldehyd Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
