| Identification | More | [Name]
Potassium thiocyanate | [CAS]
333-20-0 | [Synonyms]
POTASSIUM ISOTHIOCYANATE
POTASSIUM RHODANATE
POTASSIUM RHODANIDE
POTASSIUM SULFOCYANATE
POTASSIUM SULFOCYANIDE
POTASSIUM THIOCYANATE
POTASSIUM THIOCYANATE STANDARD
SULFOCYANATE
THIOCYANATE, POTASSIUM
THIOCYANATE STANDARD
Arterocyn
Aterocyn
Kyonate
Potassium thiocyanide
potassiumthiocyanide
Rhocya
Rhodanide
Rodanca
Thio-cara
Thiocyanic acid, potassium salt | [EINECS(EC#)]
206-370-1 | [Molecular Formula]
CKNS | [MDL Number]
MFCD00011413 | [Molecular Weight]
97.18 | [MOL File]
333-20-0.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
white crystalline powder | [Melting point ]
173 °C (lit.) | [Boiling point ]
500°C | [density ]
1.886 | [vapor pressure ]
<0.001 hPa (20 °C) | [Fp ]
500°C | [storage temp. ]
Store at RT. | [solubility ]
H2O: 8 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless
| [form ]
Liquid | [color ]
colorless or white | [Specific Gravity]
1.886 | [Odor]
Odorless | [PH]
5.3-8.7 (25℃, 50mg/mL in H2O) | [PH Range]
5.3 - 8.7 at 97.2 g/l at 25 °C | [Stability:]
Stable. Incompatible with nitric acid, strong oxidizing agents, active halogen compounds. | [Water Solubility ]
2170 g/L (20 ºC) | [Sensitive ]
Hygroscopic | [Merck ]
14,7691 | [BRN ]
3594799 | [Exposure limits]
NIOSH: IDLH 25 mg/m3 | [CAS DataBase Reference]
333-20-0(CAS DataBase Reference) | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
Potassium thiocyanate(333-20-0) | [Storage Precautions]
Air sensitive;Store under inert gas;Moisture sensitive;Light sensitive | [EPA Substance Registry System]
333-20-0(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
Xn,Xi | [Risk Statements ]
R32:Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas.
R52/53:Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
R20/21/22:Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed . | [Safety Statements ]
S13:Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs .
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet .
S36/37:Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves . | [WGK Germany ]
1
| [RTECS ]
XL1925000
| [Hazard Note ]
Irritant/Hygroscopic | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HS Code ]
28380000 | [Safety Profile]
A human poison by
ingestion. Poison experimentally by intravenous route. An experimental
teratogen. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous
and ingestion routes. Large doses can cause
slun eruptions, psychoses, and collapse.
Incompatible with calcium chlorite and
perchloryl fluoride. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
CN-, K2O, SOx, and NOx. See also
THIOCYANATES. | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in mice, rats: 594, 854 mg/kg, Andersen, Chen, J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. 29, 152 (1940) |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [Hazard]
Toxic by ingestion.
| [Physical properties]
Colorless rhombohedral crystals; deliquesces; density 1.886 g/cm3at 15°C;melts at 173.2°C, the color of the fused salt changing from brown to green and then blue; turns white again on cooling; decomposes at about 500°C; very soluble in water, 177 g/100mL at 0°C and 217 g/100mL at 20°C; solution cools upon dissolution; aqueous solution neutral; readily dissolves in acetone and liquid ammonia; moderately soluble in hot alcohol. | [Definition]
A colorless hygroscopic
solid. Its solution is used in a test for
iron(III) compounds, with which it turns a
blood-red color. | [Definition]
ChEBI: A potassium salt which is the monopotassium salt of thiocyanic acid. | [Preparation]
Potassium thiocyanate may be made by adding caustic potash to a solution of ammonium thiocyanate, followed by evaporation of the solution. NH4SCN + KOH →KSCN + NH4OH
Also, the compound can be prepared by heating potassium cyanide with sulfur:KCN + S →KSCN. | [General Description]
Potassium thiocyanate is an inorganic potassium salt. Phase transitions in potassium thiocyanate (KSCN) have been investigated by X-ray diffraction studies. The order-disorder type transition with respect to the orientation of the thiocyanate ions was identified. Its polarized infrared spectrum has been reported. It participates in the ring-opening of aziridines. The reaction was carried out in the presence of sulfated zirconia to afford the corresponding β-aminothiocyanates. | [Flammability and Explosibility]
Nonflammable | [Purification Methods]
Crystallise it from H2O if much chloride ion is present in the salt, otherwise from EtOH or MeOH (optionally by addition of Et2O). Filter off on a Büchner funnel without paper, and dry it in a desiccator at room temperature before heating for 1hour at 150o, with a final 10-20minutes at 200o to remove the last traces of solvent [Kolthoff & Lingane J Am Chem Soc 57 126 1935]. Store it in the dark. |
| Questions And Answer | Back Directory | [Outline]
Potassium thiocyanate, molecular formula is KSCN, it is also known as KSCN, English is Potassium Thiocyanate, it is colorless monoclinic crystal. The relative density is 1.886. Melting point is about 172.3 ℃. It is soluble in water and it can cool because of the absorption of heat, it is also soluble in alcohol (ethanol) and acetone. Crystalline hemihydrate (KSCN.0.5H2O) can be obtained at low temperature, it is steady at-29-6.8℃, and it can turn blue when be broiled at about 430℃, but it then re-becomes colorless when be colded. When be heated to 500℃, it can decompose. The blood red ferric thiocyanate complex ion FeSCN2 + (iron thiocyanate) can generate in case of Fe3 + (ferric), which is the sensitive method to test the Fe3 + ion, the method can eliminate the influence of all other known metal ions. And it can not react with ferrous salts. It is hygroscopic, and it should be sealed. It has low toxicity. But potassium cyanate is highly toxic substances, the country has limited its production.
| [Solubility in water (g / 100ml)]
The grams which dissolved in per 100 ml of water at different temperatures (℃) :
177g/0 ℃; 198g/10 ℃; 224g/20 ℃; 255g/30 ℃; 289g/40 ℃
372g/60 ℃; 492g/80 ℃; 571g/90 ℃; 675g/100 ℃
| [Reference quality standards]
| [Chemical properties]
It is colorless monoclinic crystal. It is soluble in water, and it can cool because of the absorption of heat. It is also soluble in alcohol and acetone.
The above information is edited by the chemicalbook of Wang Xiaodong.
| [Uses]
It can be used in electroplating industry for stripping agent, it can also be used refrigerant. It can also be used in the dye industry, photographic industry, pesticides and steel analysis.
| [Production method]
The mothod of ammonium thiocyanate transformation which is the pressurized synthesis reaction of carbon disulfide and ammonia can generate ammonium thiocyanate and the by-product is ammonium hydrosulfide, and then by desulfurization, ammonium hydrosulfide can evaporate and remove which is decomposed into hydrogen sulfide, when potassium carbonate solution is added into the temperature of 105℃ liquid, it can generates potassium thiocyanate. The reaction process will produce large amount of carbon dioxide and ammonia. Ammonia is recyclable, the reaction solution is filtered to remove insoluble material, and then reduction vaporization is proceeded, and then cooling and crystallization, centrifugal separation is proceeded to obtain industrial potassium thiocyanate.
CS2 + 3NH3 → NH4SCN + NH4HS
NH4HS → NH3 ↑ + H2S ↑
2NH4SCN + K2CO3 → 2KSCN + (NH4) 2CO3
(NH4) 2CO3 → 2NH3 ↑ + CO2 ↑ + H2O
|
|
|