| Identification | More | [Name]
Cuprous chloride | [CAS]
7758-89-6 | [Synonyms]
COPPER(+1)CHLORIDE
COPPER[1]CHLORIDE
COPPER CHLORIDE
COPPER(I) CHLORIDE
COPPER (I) CHLORIDE ACID
CUPROUS CHLORIDE
CUPROUS CHLORIDE ACID
chloridmedny
Copper chloride (CuCl)
copperchloride(cucl)
coppermonochloride
CuCl
Cu-lyt
Cuproid
cuprouschloride(cu2cl2)
cuprousdichloride
dicopperdichloride
Copper(I) chloride solution
Copperchlorideanhydrous
Copperchloridelightgraypowder | [EINECS(EC#)]
231-842-9 | [Molecular Formula]
ClCu | [MDL Number]
MFCD00010971 | [Molecular Weight]
99 | [MOL File]
7758-89-6.mol |
| Chemical Properties | Back Directory | [Appearance]
Copper chloride is a brownish-yellow powder. | [Melting point ]
430 °C (lit.) | [Boiling point ]
1490 °C (lit.) | [density ]
1.15 g/mL at 20 °C
| [vapor pressure ]
1.3 mm Hg ( 546 °C)
| [refractive index ]
1.93 | [Fp ]
1490°C | [storage temp. ]
Store at +5°C to +30°C. | [solubility ]
0.06 g/L (25°C) | [form ]
beads
| [color ]
Slightly greenish-gray | [Specific Gravity]
4.14 | [PH]
5 (50g/l, H2O, 20℃)(slurry) | [Stability:]
Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, potassium, water. Air, light and moisture sensitive. | [Water Solubility ]
0.06 g/L (25 ºC) | [Crystal Structure]
Hexagonal, Wurtzite (Zincite) Structure - Space Group P 63mc | [Sensitive ]
Air & Moisture Sensitive | [Merck ]
14,2660 | [Solubility Product Constant (Ksp)]
pKsp: 6.76 | [Exposure limits]
ACGIH: TWA 1 mg/m3
NIOSH: IDLH 100 mg/m3; TWA 1 mg/m3 | [Uses]
Copper chloride is also known as cupric chloride, this substance was made
by treating copper carbonate with hydrochloric acid. The
greenish blue crystals are soluble in water, alcohol, and ether.
This halide was added to printing-out and silver bromide
emulsions for increased contrast. | [CAS DataBase Reference]
7758-89-6(CAS DataBase Reference) | [NIST Chemistry Reference]
Cuprous monochloride(7758-89-6) | [EPA Substance Registry System]
7758-89-6(EPA Substance) |
| Safety Data | Back Directory | [Hazard Codes ]
Xn,N | [Risk Statements ]
R22:Harmful if swallowed.
R50/53:Very Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
R51/53:Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment .
R36/37/38:Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin . | [Safety Statements ]
S26:In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice .
S61:Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet .
S60:This material and/or its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste .
S22:Do not breathe dust . | [RIDADR ]
UN 3082 9/PG 3
| [WGK Germany ]
2
| [RTECS ]
GL6990000
| [F ]
1-8-10 | [TSCA ]
Yes | [HazardClass ]
8 | [PackingGroup ]
III | [HS Code ]
28273990 | [Toxicity]
LD50 orally in Rabbit: 336 mg/kg |
| Raw materials And Preparation Products | Back Directory | [Raw materials]
Ethanol-->Hydrochloric acid-->Sulfuric acid-->Sodium sulfate-->Sodium chloride-->Chlorine-->Sodium sulfite-->Copper(II) sulfate-->Copper-->Sulfurous Acid-->Copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate-->Sulfur trioxide-->Cupric hydroxide-->Copper wire | [Preparation Products]
Direct Blue 86-->N,N,N',N'-Tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride-->dibenzo[def,mno]chrysene-6,12-dione-->Allyl hexanoate-->2-Bromochlorobenzene-->2-(4-Chlorobenzyl)pyridine-->Acryloyl chloride-->3,5-DICHLORO (1H)INDAZOLE-->3-CHLORO-2-METHYLBENZONITRILE-->1,4-DICHLORONAPHTHALENE-->4-CHLORO-2-(4-METHOXY-PHENYLAMINO)-BENZOIC ACID-->5-Chloro-2-fluorobenzoic acid-->Bis(trimethylsilyl)acetylene-->3-(P-CHLOROPHENYL)-3-(2-PYRIDYL)PROPYLALDEHYDE DIETHYL ACETAL-->7-CHLOROQUINOLINE-->DI-T-BUTYLMETHYLPHOSPHINE-->3-PHENOXYTOLUENE-->REACTIVE BLUE 19-->Clonazepam-->3-Chlorotoluene-->2-Chloro-1,3-dinitrobenzene-->Vat Brown 1-->2-Chloro-3-methyl-5-bromopyridine-->2,4,5-Trifluorophenylacetic acid-->4-Chloro-3-nitrotoluene-->Acid Blue 129-->3-CHLOROTHIOPHENE-2-CARBOXAMIDE-->2,4,6-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde-->Dichloromethylsilane-->5-[4-FLUORO-3-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYL]-2-FURALDEHYDE-->2-Chloro-5-iodopyridine-->5-(4-Bromophenyl)furfural-->5-[4-(TRIFLUOROMETHOXY)PHENYL]-2-FURALDEHYDE-->5-[2,6-DICHLORO-4-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYL]-2-FURALDEHYDE-->Chloromethyl silane-->5-[2-CHLORO-4-(TRIFLUOROMETHYL)PHENYL]-2-FURALDEHYDE-->2,3-Dichlorobenzaldehyde-->4-Chloro-N-methylaniline-->1,3-DICHLORO-2-BUTENE-->disodium 4,4'-[methylenebis(4,1-phenyleneimino)]bis[1-amino-9,10-dihydro-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulphonate] |
| Hazard Information | Back Directory | [First aid]
Move victim to fresh air. Call 911 or emergency medical service. Give artificial respiration if victim is not breathing. Do not use mouth-to-mouth method if victim ingested or inhaled the substance; give artificial respiration with the aid of a pocket mask equipped with a one-way valve or other proper respiratory medical device. Administer oxygen if breathing is difficult. Remove and isolate contaminated clothing and shoes. In case of contact with substance, immediately flush skin or eyes with running water for at least 20 minutes. For minor skin contact, avoid spreading material on unaffected skin. Keep victim warm and quiet. Effects of exposure (inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact) to substance may be delayed. Ensure that medical personnel are aware of the material(s) involved and take precautions to protect themselves. Medical observation is recommended for 24 to 48 hours after breathing overexposure, as pulmonary edema may be delayed. As first aid for pulmonary edema, a doctor or authorized paramedic may consider administering a drug or other inhalation therapy. | [Shipping]
UN2802 Copper chloride, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material. | [Incompatibilities]
Contact with strong acids forms monovalent copper salts and toxic hydrogen chloride gas. Forms shock-sensitive and explosive compounds with potassium, sodium, sodium hypobromite, nitromethane, acetylene. Keep away from moisture and alkali metals. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Reacts with moist air to form cupric chloride dihydrate. May attack some metals, paints, and coatings. May be able to ignite combustible materials. | [Chemical Properties]
Copper chloride is a brownish-yellow powder. | [Chemical Properties]
white or pale grey powder | [Physical properties]
White cubic crystal which turns blue when heated at 178°C; density 4.14 g/cm3; the mineral nantokite (CuCl) has density 4.14 g/cm3, hardness 2.5 (Mohs), refractive index 1.930; melts at 430°C becoming a deep, green liquid; vaporizes around 1,400°C; vapor pressure 5 torr at 645°C and 400 torr at 1,250°C; low solubility in water (decomposes partially); Ksp 1.72x10-7; insoluble in ethanol and acetone; soluble in concentrated HCl and ammonium hydroxide. | [Definition]
ChEBI: An inorganic chloride of copper in which the metal is in the +1 oxidation state. | [Preparation]
Copper(I) chloride is prepared by reduction of copper(II) chloride in solution: 2CuCl2 + H2 2CuCl + 2HCl Alternatively, it can be prepared by boiling an acidic solution of copper(II) chloride with copper metal, which on dilution yields white CuCl: Cu + CuCl2 2CuCl Copper(I) chloride dissolved in concentrated HCl absorbs carbon monoxide under pressure forming an adduct, CuCl(CO). The complex decomposes on heating releasing CO. Copper(I) chloride is slightly soluble in water. However, in the presence of Cl- ion, it forms soluble complexes of discrete halogeno anions such as, CuCl2-, CuCl3 2-, and CuCl4 3-. Formation of complexes and organocopper derivatives as outlined below are not confined only to copper(I) chloride, but typify Cu+ in general. Reaction with ethylenediamine (en) in aqueous potassium chloride solution forms Cu(II)-ethylenediamine complex, while Cu+ ion is reduced to its metallic state: 2CuCl + 2en → [Cuen2]2+ + 2Cl- + Cu° It dissolves in acetonitrile, CH3CN forming tetrahedral complex ion [Cu(CH3CN)4]+ which can be precipitated with large anions such as ClO4 - or PF6- . Reactions with alkoxides of alkali metals produce yellow copper(I) alkoxides. For example, reaction with sodium ethoxide yield copper(I) ethoxide, a yellow compound that can be sublimed from the product mixture: CuCl + NaOC2H5 → CuOC2H5 + NaCl Copper(I) chloride forms complexes with ethylene and other alkenes in solutions that may have compositions such as [Cu(C2H4)(H2O)2]+ or [Cu(C2H4)(bipy)]+. (bipy = bipyridyl) Reactions with lithium or Grignard reagent yield alkyl or aryl copper(I) derivatives, respectively. Such organocopper compounds containing Cu-Cu bonds are formed only by Cu+ and not Cu2+ ions. | [Production Methods]
Cuprous chloride crystal is grown by direct deposition on the substrate from vapor (vapor phase
growth). Small, zinc-blende crystals without deformation can be obtained from solution.
Large single crystals are grown by the Czochralski method. The first grown crystal takes a
wurtzite structure, which changes to a zinc-blende structure below 407℃. It is inevitable to keep a
constant strain.
Cuprous chloride is soluble in water and ethyl alcohol is used for cutting and polishing. | [General Description]
The structure of copper(I) chloride is similar to zinc-blende crystal at room temperature; the structure is wurtzite at 407 °C and at higher temperatures it forms copper(I) chloride vapor as per mass spectroscopy. | [Hazard]
Copper(I) chloride is moderately toxic by ingestion and possibly other routes of entry into the body. The oral LD50 in mouse is reported to be 347 mg/kg; and subcutaneous LD50 in guinea pigs is 100 mg/kg. | [Purification Methods]
Wash the solid with ethanol and diethyl ether, then dry it and store it in a vacuum desiccator [.sterl.f Acta Chem Scand 4 375 1950]. Alternatively, to an aqueous solution of CuCl2.2H2O is added, with stirring, an aqueous solution of anhydrous sodium sulfite. The colourless product is dried at 80o for 30minutes and stored under N2. Cu2Cl2 can be purified by zone-refining [Hall et al. J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 79 343 1983]. [Glemser & Sauer in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol II p 1005 1965.] |
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