D-Gluconsure Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R34:Verursacht Verätzungen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
Beschreibung
Gluconic acid is an organic compound with molecular formula C
6H
12O
7 and condensed structural formula HOCH
2(CHOH)
4COOH. It is one of the 16 stereoisomers of 2,3,4,5,6-penta hydroxy hexanoic acid.
In aqueous solution at neutral pH, gluconic acid forms the gluconate ion. The salts of gluconic acid are known as "gluconates". Gluconic acid, gluconate salts, and gluconate esters occur widely in nature because such species arise from the oxidation of glucose. Some drugs are injected in the form of gluconates.
Chemische Eigenschaften
d-Gluconic acid is an acid sugar composed of white crystals with
a milk-acidic taste. In aqueous solutions, it is in equilibrium with gamma- and delta-gluconolactones. It is prepared by enzymatic
oxidation of glucose and strains of the microorganisms used to
supply the enzyme action are nonpathogenic and nontoxicogenic
to man or other animals. This substance is used as a component
of bottle rinsing formulations, at levels not to exceed good manufacturing
practice.
An FDA letter to a trade association revoking affirmation of general
recognition of safety in dietary supplements was dated April
9, 1970.
Physikalische Eigenschaften
The chemical structure of gluconic acid consists of a six-carbon chain with five hydroxyl groups terminating in a carboxylic acid group. In aqueous solution, gluconic acid exists in equilibrium with the cyclic ester glucono delta-lactone.
Occurrence
Gluconic acid occurs naturally in fruit, honey, kombucha tea, and wine. As a food additive ( E574 ), it is an acidity regulator. It is also used in cleaning products where it dissolves mineral deposits especially in alkaline solution. The gluconate anion chelates Ca
2+,Fe
2+, Al
3+, and other metals. In 1929 Horace Terhune Herrick developed a process for producing the salt by fermentation.
Calcium gluconate, in the form of a gel, is used to treat burns from hydrofluoric acid; calcium gluconate injections may be used for more severe cases to avoid necrosis of deep tissues. Quinine gluconate is a salt between gluconic acid and quinine, which is used for intramuscular injection in the treatment of malaria. Zinc gluconate injections are used to neuter male dogs. Iron gluconate injections have been proposed in the past to treat anemia.
Verwenden
Gluconic Acid is an acidulant that is a mild organic acid which is the
hydrolyzed form of glucono-delta-lactone. it is prepared by the
fermentation of dextrose, whereby the physiological d-form is
produced. it is soluble in water with a solubility of 100 g/100 ml at
20°c. it has a mild taste and at 1% has a ph of 2.8. it functions as
an antioxidant and enhances the function of other antioxidants.
in beverages, syrups, and wine, it can eliminate calcium turbidities.
it is used as a leavening component in cake mixes, and as an acid
component in dry-mix desserts and dry beverage mixes.
Definition
gluconic acid: An opticallyactive hydroxycarboxylic acid,CH
2(OH)(CHOH)
4COOH. It is the carboxylicacid corresponding to the aldosesugar glucose, and can be madeby the action of certain moulds.
D-Gluconsure Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
