Ethyllactat Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R10:Entzündlich.
R37:Reizt die Atmungsorgane.
R41:Gefahr ernster Augenschäden.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S24:Berührung mit der Haut vermeiden.
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S39:Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Ethyl Lactate is a colorless liquid with a light ethereal, buttery odor. It miscible in water, alcohols, ketones , esters, hydrocarbons, ether and oil. The odor threshold is reported to be 0.89 mg/m3 and the odor nuisance threshold to be 65 mg/m3.
Occurrence
Ethyl lactate is reported to be found in apple, citrus fruits, pineapple, peas, sauerkraut, vinegar, bread, beer, grape brandy, rum, whisky, cider, sherry, wine, cocoa, banty beer, plum brandy and pear brandy. It has been approved by the US FDA for food use.
Verwenden
Ethyl lactate is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose, cellulose acetate, and many cellulose ethers and resins. It is also used in lacquers, paints, enamels, varnishes, stencil sheets, safety glass and flavoring. Ethyl lactate is furthermore used in some cosmetic formulations in soaps, detergents, creams and lotions with a maximum concentration of 0.2 %. In recent years it has been used as degreaser as a substitute for trichloroethylene.
synthetische
Ethyl lactate is produced by the esterification of lactic acid with ethanol in the presence of a little mineral oil, or by combination of acetaldehyde with hydrocyanic acid to form acetaldehyde cyanhydrin. This is followed by treatment with ethanol (95%) and hydrochloric or sulfuric acid. Purification is achieved using fractional distillation. The commercial product is a racemic mixture.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A clear colorless liquid with a mild odor. Flash point 115°F. Denser than water and soluble in water. Vapors heavier than air.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Flammable. Soluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Ethyl lactate is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides.
Health Hazard
Inhalation of concentrated vapor may cause drowsiness. Contact with liquid causes mild irritation of eyes and (on prolonged contact) skin. Ingestion may cause narcosis.
Brandgefahr
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
Sicherheit(Safety)
Ethyl lactate is used as a flavoring agent in pharmaceutical
preparations, and is found in food products. The estimated
acceptable daily intake for lactic acid is 12.5 mg/kg body-weight.
In general, lactate esters have an oral LD50 > 2000 mg/kg; and
the inhalation LC50 is generally above 5000 mg/m3. They have the
potential of causing eye and skin irritation (on prolonged contact),
but not sensitization. Ethyl lactate is moderately toxic by
intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intravenous routes. There is
low oral and skin contact toxicity; although ingestion may cause
nausea, stomach and throat pain, and narcosis. Inhalation of
concentrated vapor of ethyl lactate may cause irritation of the
mucous membranes, drowsiness, and narcosis.
LD50 (rat, oral): >5.0 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 2.5 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, SC): 2.5 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IV): 0.6 g/kg
LD50 (rabbit, skin): >5.0 g/kg
Lager
Stable at normal temperature and pressure. Ethyl lactate is a
flammable liquid and vapor. Store in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated
location away from any fire hazard area, in a tightly closed
container.
Inkompatibilitäten
Incompatible with bases or strong alkalis and may cause fire or
explosion with strong oxidizing agents.
Regulatory Status
GRAS listed. Reported in the EPA TSCA Inventory.
Ethyllactat Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
