Tetrahydrofurfurylalkohol Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE HYGROSKOPISCHE FLüSSIGKEIT.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Bildung explosionsfähiger Peroxide wahrscheinlich. Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmitteln, einigen N-Chlor- und N-Bromimiden. Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation und über die Haut.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Nur ungenügende Angaben vorhanden über die Geschwindigkeit, mit der eine gesundheitsschädliche Konzentration in der Luft beim Verdampfen bei 20°C erreicht wird.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Zentralnervensystem. Exposition gegenüber hohen Konzentrationen kann zu Bewusstlosigkeit führen.
LECKAGE
Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit möglichst in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit viel Wasser wegspülen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36:Reizt die Augen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S39:Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a colorless to light yellow hygroscopic liquid that has a faint, warm, oily, caramellic odor with a coffee and nut-like flavor at very low levels (0.03 to 1 ppm). Miscible with water, ethanol, ether, acetone, chloroform and benzene, insoluble in paraffin hydrocarbons. It has an extensive history of use as a highly versatile, high purity solvent.
Occurrence
Reported found in shoyu (fermented soya hydrolysate), coffee and fresh mango.
Verwenden
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is used extensively in various industries as a high-purity, water miscible solvent, and as a chemical intermediate. It was used as Solvent for vinyl resins; dyes for leather; chlorinated rubber; cellulose esters; solvent softener for nylon; vegetable oils; coupling agent; organic synthesis.
Application
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) is generally regarded as a "green" solvent in industrial applications. THFA is a low cost, biodegradable solvent mainly used as a reactive diluent for epoxy resins and is a good solvent for many of the curative and catalysts used in epoxy formulations. It is also used in the following applications:
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol undergoes chemoselective hydrogenolysis catalyzed by Rh/SiO2 modified with ReOx species to yield 1,5-pentanediol. It undergoes lanthanum-mediated Michael-type addition reaction with maleate to form alkoxybutanedioic acid.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol was used as refractive-index matching solvent to ensure hard sphere suspension of silica particles for rheological measurements.
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol may be used as an analytical reference standard for the quantification of the analyte in rats and smoke flavoring from rice husk using chromatography techniques.
synthetische
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is produced by catalytic reduction of furfural with Raney-Ni; also by destructive hydrogenation of lignin.
Definition
ChEBI: Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol is a primary alcohol that is methanol in which one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a tetrahydrofuran-2-yl group. It has a role as a protic solvent. It is a primary alcohol and a member of oxolanes.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol appears as a clear colorless liquid with a mild odor. Vapors are heavier than air.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Denser than water and soluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Acetyl bromide reacts violently with alcohols or water [Merck 11th ed. 1989]. Mixtures of alcohols with concentrated sulfuric acid and strong hydrogen peroxide can cause explosions. Example: An explosion will occur if dimethylbenzylcarbinol is added to 90% hydrogen peroxide then acidified with concentrated sulfuric acid. Mixtures of ethyl alcohol with concentrated hydrogen peroxide form powerful explosives. Mixtures of hydrogen peroxide and 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl alcohol tend to explode if acidified with 70% sulfuric acid [Chem. Eng. News 45(43):73. 1967; J, Org. Chem. 28:1893. 1963]. Alkyl hypochlorites are violently explosive. They are readily obtained by reacting hypochlorous acid and alcohols either in aqueous solution or mixed aqueous- carbon tetrachloride solutions. Chlorine plus alcohols would similarly yield alkyl hypochlorites. They decompose in the cold and explode on exposure to sunlight or heat. Tertiary hypochlorites are less unstable than secondary or primary hypochlorites [NFPA 491 M 1991]. Base-catalysed reactions of isocyanates with alcohols should be carried out in inert solvents. Such reactions in the absence of solvents often occur with explosive violence [Wischmeyer 1969].
Health Hazard
Inhalation or contact with material may irritate or burn skin and eyes. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Vapors may cause dizziness or suffocation. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may cause pollution.
Carcinogenicity
Tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol
was not mutagenic to S. typhimurium strains
TA100, TA1535, TA1537, or TA98 in an in vitro gene mutation
assay or to E. coliWP2uvrA/pKM101 with or withoutmetabolic
activation. No chromosomal aberrations or polypoidy
were observed when tetrahydro-2-furanmethanol was added to
cultured Chinese hamster lung cells with or without metabolic
activation .
Tetrahydrofurfurylalkohol Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
