N,N-디메틸니트로사민 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
화학적 성질
N-Nitrosodimethylamine is a yellow oily liquid.
Faint, characteristic odor.
물리적 성질
Yellow, oily liquid with a faint, characteristic odor
용도
N-Nitrosodimethylamine is a highly toxic semi-volatile organic compound and a suspected human carcinogen. It induces liver tumors in rats after chronic exposure to low doses (1,2). Drinking water contaminant candidate list 3 (CCL 3) compound as per United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Environmental contaminants; Food contaminants.NDMA and NDEA were found as an impurity in generic versions of valsartan, losartan and irbesartan.
생산 방법
Dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) is prepared by the addition of
acetic acid and sodium nitrite to dimethylamine. It came
into industrial prominence in the manufacture of 1,1-
dimethylhydrazine, a rocket fuel component, probably in
the 1940s in Germany and in the mid-1950s in the United
States. DMN is no longer used except for research. OSHA
identified DMN as a carcinogen in 1974. In 1976, the
last plant to make DMN was closed. DMN was first considered
by IARC in 1971. The current IARC classification
of DMN is 2A: “The agent is probably carcinogenic
to humans, based upon positive cancer findings in animal
studies.” For this reason, DMN is discussed here as an
example of one of a large group of nitrosamines generally
regarded as carcinogenic. IARC Monographs 1 and
17 and other publications discuss the
toxicology, biochemistry, environmental impact, and carcinogenicity
of many nitrosamines.
일반 설명
Yellow oily liquid with a faint characteristic odor. Boiling point 151-153°C. Can reasonably be expected to be a carcinogen. Used as an antioxidant, as an additive for lubricants and as a softener of copolymers. An intermediate in 1,1-dimethylhydrazine production.
공기와 물의 반응
Water soluble.
반응 프로필
N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE is sensitive to exposure to light, especially ultraviolet light. Is stable at room temperature for more than 14 days in aqueous solution at neutral and alkaline pH in the absence of light. Slightly less stable at strongly acid pH at room temperature. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents. Also incompatible with strong bases. Can be reduced by reducing agents. Incompatible with hydrogen bromide in acetic acid. Also photo chemically reactive.
건강위험
N-nitrosodimethylamine
(DMN) is a liver toxin and is carcinogenic in
many species of test animals.
화재위험
When heated to decomposition, N-NITROSODIMETHYLAMINE emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides. Avoid exposure to ultraviolet light.
잠재적 노출
Nitrosodimethylamine was formerly
used in the production of rocket fuels. Presently used as
an antioxidant; as an additive for lubricants and as a
softener of copolymers. It is used as an intermediate for
1,1-dimethylhydrazine.
Carcinogenicity
N-Nitrosodimethylamine is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
운송 방법
UN2810 Toxic liquids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required. PG I.
Purification Methods
Dry the nitrosamine over anhydrous K2CO3 or dissolve it in Et2O, dry it over solid KOH, filter, evaporate Et2O and distil the yellow oily residue through a 30cm fractionating column discarding the first fraction which may contain Me2N. Also dry over CaCl2 and distil it at atmospheric pressure. All operations should be done in an efficient fume cupboard as the vapors are TOXIC and CARCINOGENIC. [Fischer Chem Ber 8 1588 1875, Romberg Recl Trav Chim, Pays-Bas 5 248 1886, Hatt Org Synth Coll Vol II 211 1961, Krebs & Mandt Chem Ber 108 1130 1975.] 2,6-Dimethyl-2,4,6-octatriene see neo-alloocimene below.
비 호환성
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.
Keep away from alkaline materials, strong acids,
especially peracids strong bases. Sensitive to UV light.
Should be stored in dark bottles.
폐기물 처리
Pour over soda ash, neutralize
with HCl, then flush to drain with large volumes of water.
Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance
on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste
containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform
with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation,
treatment, and waste disposal.
N,N-디메틸니트로사민 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
