석유 에테르 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
화학적 성질
Petroleum ether is a flammable liquid used as a universal solvent and extractant during
the processing of different chemicals, like fats, waxes, paints, varnishes, furniture polish
thinning, as detergent, and as fuel. The major components include paraffi ns, olefi ns, naphthenes,
aromatics, and about 10%–40% ethyl alcohol.
용도
Petroleum ether 35/60 is used as a mobile phase in High Performance Liquid Chromatography and Liquid Chromatography coupled with Mass Spectrometry.
정의
Any of a number of narrowboiling-range fractions of petroleum with bp of
approximately 93–204C, according to the specific
use.
일반 설명
Colorless liquid with the odor of gasoline. Less dense than water and insoluble in water. Hence floats on water. Also refered to as Varnish Makers & Painters Naphtha. This petroleum fraction is similar to Petroleum Ether (CAS 8030-30-6) but V.M. & P. is a heavier distillate. Flash point ranges from 20° F to 100° F.
공기와 물의 반응
Highly flammable. Insoluble in water.
반응 프로필
PETROLEUM NAPHTHA, [FLAMMABLE LIQUID LABEL] may be incompatible with strong oxidizing agents like nitric acid. Charring may occur followed by ignition of unreacted material and other nearby combustibles. In other settings, mostly unreactive. Not affected by aqueous solutions of acids, alkalis, most oxidizing agents, and most reducing agents. When heated sufficiently or when ignited in the presence of air, oxygen or strong oxidizing agents, burns exothermically to produce mostly carbon dioxide and water.
위험도
Flammable, dangerous fire risk.
건강위험
After acute and prolonged exposures to petroleum ether in work places, occupational
workers suffer and demonstrate a variety of health disorder. The symptoms of toxicity
include, but are not limited to, erythema, edema, skin peeling, loss of appetite, muscle
weakness, paresthesia, CNS depression, peripheral nerve disorders, skin and respiratory irritation, and chemical pneumonia in children. Occupational workers exposed to rubber
solvent, varnish, thinner, and petroleum spirits develop skin irritation, respiratory problems,
and hematologic effects.
화재위험
Flammable liquid; flash point (closed cup)
14°C (57°F); vapors form explosive mixtures
with air within the range 1.2–6.0% by volume in air.
Safety Profile
Confirmed carcinogen. A poison by intravenous route. Mildly toxic by inhalation. Ingestion can cause a burning sensation, vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, and, in severe cases, pulmonary edema. Inhalation of concentrated vapors can cause intoxication resembling that from alcohol, headache, nausea, coma, and hemorrhage to various vital organs. An eye irritant. A flammable liquid and highly dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, sparks, or oxidizing materials. Explosive in the form of vapor when exposed to heat or flame. Highly dangerous; keep away from heat or flame. To fight fire, use foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes
Purification Methods
Shake it several times with conc H2SO4, then 10% H2SO4 and concentrated KMnO4 (to remove unsaturated, including aromatic, hydrocarbons) until the permanganate colour persists. Wash it with water, aqueous Na2CO3 and again with water. Dry it with CaCl2 or Na2SO4, and distil it. It can be dried further using CaH2 or sodium wire. Passage through a column of activated alumina, or treatment with CaH2 or sodium, removes peroxides. For the elimination of carbonyl-containing impurities without using permanganate, see n-heptane. These procedures could be used for all fractions of pet ethers. See skellysolve below, p. 178. Rapid purification: Pass it through an alumina column and fractionally distilling, collecting the desired boiling fraction.
석유 에테르 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
준비 용품
2'-chlrophenyl-diphenyl-chlromethane
2-AMINO-3,5-DICHLORO-4-METHYLPYRIDINE
NORDALBERGIN
트리스(펜타플루오로페닐)붕화수소
3-CARBETHOXYUMBELIFERONE
제인
벤조쿠아나민
2,6-Dibromopyridin-3-amine
ETHYL 2-METHYLTHIAZOLE-4-CARBOXYLATE
트리페닐실라놀
노르말에탄올아민
1-(CYCLOHEXYLCARBONYL)PIPERAZINE 97
2,4,6-TRIBROMOPYRIMIDINE
2-CHLORO-PYRIMIDINE-5-SULFONYL CHLORIDE
8-METHOXYCOUMARIN
2-Amino-6-bromopyridine
4-BROMO-7-CHLOROQUINOLINE
2-Chloro-4,6-dimethoxy-1,3,5-triazine
1-(5-NITRO-2-FURYL)ETHANONE
2,6-피리딘디카르복살디하이드
2,4-Dichloro-3-nitropyridine
Antioxidant ZM-405
6-METHOXYCOUMARIN
트리이소부틸포스파이트
(5-BROMO-PYRIMIDIN-2-YL)-DIETHYL-AMINE
ETHYL (3-HYDROXYPHENYL)CARBAMATE
4-말레이미도부티르 산
아시아티코사이드
2-AMINO-5-CHLORO-3-PICOLINE
2,4-디클로로-3,5-디니트로벤조익산
5-ACETYL-2,3-DIHYDROBENZO(B)FURAN
Cyclobutanecarbonyl chloride
Ormeloxifene
4-Azabenzimidazole
2,4-Dichlorobenzenesulfonyl chloride
ETHYL 1,3-BENZOTHIAZOLE-2-CARBOXYLATE
4-PROPYL-PYRIDIN-2-YLAMINE
2-AMINO-3,5-DICHLORO-6-METHYLPYRIDINE
N-METHOXYCARBONYLMALEIMIDE
4-HYDROXY-8-METHOXY-QUINOLINE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID ETHYL ESTER
