Hazards of Citric Acid

Citric acid is something that we all consume or come in contact with, but many people are in the dark about what it actually is. Plus, with the word "acid" tacked onto the end, it can seem a little scary. So is it actually worthy of those fears, or is it an unavoidable part of everyday life?

The first thing to know about citric acid is that there are two types. The first is derived from — you guessed it — citrus fruits, like oranges, lemons and limes. It's also present to a lesser degree in tomatoes and berries. "This type of citric acid is naturally made and good for you. It is high in antioxidants," says personal trainer and nutritionist James Hickey in an email.

Hazards of Citric Acid

Citric acid is an organic acid that is often used as a preservative in foods or to impart a sour flavor. The acid is most notably found in various fruits, including lemons, limes and oranges. Citric acid is commonly found in laboratories, and though normally safe, there are a few minor hazards associated with it. You may come into contact with it when handling citrus fruits or doing science experiments.

Skin Irritation

Citric acid can be a minor skin irritant, causing itchy skin and even minor burns to those that are sensitive to it. Hands should be washed immediately if citric acid comes into contact with bare skin. Protective gloves should be worn during handling to avoid any accidental contact. The acid can also irritate the walls of the throat if ingested, or burn the lining of your stomach if ingested in large quantities.

Eye Irritation

Citric acid is a severe eye irritant. Accidental contact with the eyes can occur if the fruit is squeezed and the juice squirts out or by touching the eyes after the acid has contacted the fingertips, which may happen whenever you're preparing lemons, oranges or other citrus fruits. Protective eyewear should be worn when working with citric acid under laboratory conditions. Eyes should be flushed with water immediately if they happen to come in contact with the acid.