萘啶酮酸钠性质、用途与生产工艺
Nalidixic acid sodium salt，一种喹诺酮类抗生素 (antibiotic)，对革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌均有效。Nalidixic acid sodium salt 在较低浓度下以抑菌的方式起作用，而在较高浓度下具有杀菌作用。Nalidixic acid sodium salt 抑制 DNA 促旋酶和拓扑异构酶IV的亚基，并可逆地阻止易感细菌中的 DNA 复制。
Nalidixic acid is against a variety of microorganisms, it is against with
Escherichia coli
,
Pasteurella spp.
,
Klebsiella pneuiiioniae
,
Aerobacter aeroyenes
,
Proteus spp.
,
Salmonella spp.
,
Shigella spp.
and
Brucella spp.
with MIC values of 5.0-12.5 μg/ml, 0.5-2.5 μg/ml, 0.8-25.0 μg/ml, 1.0-25.0 μg/ml, 1.25-30.0 μg/ml, 8-3.2 μg/ml, and 7.5-10.0 μg/ml, respectively.
The in vivo activity of Nalidixic acid is most pronounced against Gram-negative bacteria, while Gram-positive organisms are generally more resistant. Maximal activity is observed against systemic infections caused by
E. coli
,
A. aerobacter
,
Proteus mirabilis
,
Shigella fkxneri
, the ED
50
values are 25 mg/kg, 60 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, and 62 mg/kg, respectively.
The acute toxicity (LD
50
) of Nalidixic acid in mice following oral and parenteral administration is: oral, 3300 mg/kg; intravenous, 176 mg/kg; and subcutaneous, 500 mg/kg.
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