2-クロロフェノール 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
無色〜わずかにうすい赤色, 澄明の液体
溶解性
水に難溶 (2.85g/100g水, 20℃)。エタノール, エーテルに易溶。エタノール及びアセトンに極めて溶けやすく、水に溶けにくい。
用途
有機合成原料(染料、農薬)。
用途
染料中間体,農薬原料
化学的特性
2-Chlorophenol is a colourless to light brown liquid, All isomers have a characteristic odor. Slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether and alkali solution. It is used to make dyes and other chemicals, and as a disinfectant, bactericide, and germicide.
物理的性質
Pale amber liquid with a slight phenolic, floral, or musty-type odor. At 40 °C, the average and
lowest odor concentrations detected were 0.36 and 0.088 μg/L, respectively. At 25 °C, the average
taste threshold concentration and the lowest concentration at which a taste was detected were 0.97
and 0.94 μg/L, respectively (Young et al., 1996).
主な応用
2-chlorophenol is used in medicine, pesticides, dyes and organic synthesis. It is an intermediate in the production of the pesticides Profenofos and Isoprocarb. It is also utilized in the manufacture of dye-stulfs and in the process for extracting sulphur and nitrogen compounds from coal. 2-chlorophenol functions as a reagent in the preparation of chlorophenyl phosphorodichloridothioate as potential synthon for oligonucleotide phosphorothioates.
定義
ChEBI: 2-chlorophenol is a monochlorophenol and a 2-halophenol.
製造方法
2-chlorophenol is produced in 22% yields from the reaction of chlorine monoxide with phenol in carbon tetrachloride: 0.5 mole of tert-butyl hypochlorite is dropped, with stirring, into a solution or suspension of the 0.5 mole of phenol in 150-300 ml of carbon tetrachloride, the temperature being allowed to rise to the boiling point of the solvent. The mixture is then boiled under reflux for a further 2 hours, the carbon tetrachloride and the tert-butyl alcohol are distilled off, and the residue is fractionated collecting fraction boiling at 174.9 °C.
一般的な説明
2-chlorophenol appears as a colorless to amber liquid with an unpleasant, penetrating odor. Density 1.265 g / cm3. Sinks in water and slowly dissolves. Freezing point 7°C (46°F). Boiling point 175°C (347°F).
空気と水の反応
Very soluble in water
反応プロフィール
2-Chlorophenol is a weak acid. Neutralizes bases in exothermic reactions. Incompatible with oxidizing agents. Incompatible with acid chlorides and acid anhydrides. Forms ethers, esters and salts with metals and amines .
危険性
Toxic by skin absorption, inhalation, or
ingestion. Strong irritant to tissue.
健康ハザード
Poisonous; may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Irritating to skin and eyes; direct contact may cause burns. Rats receiving lethal doses via oral, subcutaneous or intraperitoneal routes displayed similar symptoms: restlessness, increased breathing rate and motor weakness followed by tremors, chronic convulsions, dyspnea, coma and death.
安全性プロファイル
Poison by ingestion,
intraperitoneal, and intravenous routes.
Experimental reproductive effects.
Questionable carcinogen with experimental
tumorigenic data. Mutation data reported.
Flammable liquid when exposed to heat,
flame, or oxidizers. To fight fire, use
alcohol foam. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl-.
See also CHLOROPHENOLS and
CHLORIDES.
職業ばく露
Monochlorophenols are used in the
manufacture of fungicides, slimicides, bactericides, pesticides, herbicides, disinfectants, wood and glue preservatives; in the production of phenolic resins; in the extraction
of certain minerals from coal; as a denaturant for ethanol;
as an antiseptic; as a disinfectant, and others.
輸送方法
UN 2020 (solid); UN2021 (liquid) Chlorophenols, solid and liquid, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels:
6.1-Poisonous materials.
純化方法
Pass 2-chlorophenol at least twice through a gas chromatography column. It has also been purified by fractional distillation. [Beilstein 6 IV 782.]
不和合性
May form explosive mixture with air.
Contact with oxidizing agents can cause fire and explosion
hazard. Heat produces hydrogen chloride and chlorine.
Corrosive to aluminum, copper and other chemically active
metals.
廃棄物の処理
Incinerate in admixture with
flammable solvent in furnace equipped with afterburner
and scrubber.
2-クロロフェノール 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品