2,4-다이나이트로페놀
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2,4-다이나이트로페놀 속성
- 녹는점
- 108-112 °C (lit.)
- 끓는 점
- 318.03°C (rough estimate)
- 밀도
- 1,683 g/cm3
- 증기 밀도
- 6.35 (vs air)
- 증기압
- 39(x 10-5 mmHg) at 20 °C (Schwarzenbach et al., 1988)
- 굴절률
- 1.4738 (estimate)
- 인화점
- 11 °C
- 저장 조건
- 2-8°C
- 용해도
- 용해도 물에 거의 용해되지 않음; 에탄올, 벤젠에 용해됨
- 산도 계수 (pKa)
- 3.96(at 15℃)
- 물리적 상태
- 크리스탈
- 색상
- 연노랑
- pH 범위
- 2.8(colourless)-4.7(yellow)
- 냄새
- 달콤한, 곰팡내 나는
- 수용성
- 0.6g/100mL(18℃)
- 감도
- Light Sensitive
- Merck
- 14,3280
- BRN
- 1246142
- Henry's Law Constant
- 5.70 x 10-8(atm?m3/mol) at 5 °C (average derived from six field experiments, Lüttke and Levsen, 1997)
- 안정성
- 안정적인. 타기 쉬운.
- 주요 응용
- Display device, recording materials, inks, paints, method for preserving food, method for gene expression profiling, treatment of parasitic diseases, neurological diseases, epilepsy, cancer, keratin materials, neoplasms, infectious diseases, neutropenia, detecting chromosome aberrations, bacteria in gastrointestinal track
- CAS 데이터베이스
- 51-28-5(CAS DataBase Reference)
안전
- 위험 및 안전 성명
- 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 | T,N,Xi,F | ||
---|---|---|---|
위험 카페고리 넘버 | 23/24/25-33-50-39/23/24/25-11-52/53-1 | ||
안전지침서 | 28-37-45-61-28A-36/37-16-7-35 | ||
유엔번호(UN No.) | UN 1320 4.1/PG 1 | ||
WGK 독일 | 3 | ||
RTECS 번호 | SL2800000 | ||
TSCA | Yes | ||
위험 등급 | 4.1 | ||
포장분류 | I | ||
HS 번호 | 29089990 | ||
유해 물질 데이터 | 51-28-5(Hazardous Substances Data) | ||
독성 | LD50 (subcutaneous) for rats 25 mg/kg (quoted, RTECS, 1985). | ||
기존화학 물질 | KE-11946 | ||
유해화학물질 필터링 | 97-1-415 | ||
함량 및 규제정보 | 물질구분: 유독물질; 혼합물(제품)함량정보: 2,4-디니트로페놀 및 이를 25% 이상 함유한 혼합물 |
2,4-다이나이트로페놀 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산
화학적 성질
light yellow crystal powder용도
2,4-Dinitrophenol (DNP) can be used:- As a reactant for catalytic reduction reactions.
- To activate carboxylic acids by converting them into dinitrophenyl (DNP) esters.
- To prepare the corresponding ester via acylation reaction using isobutyric anhydride catalyzed by hafnium triflate.
- As an effective cocatalyst to accelerate the activity and enantioselectivity of primary amine organocatalyst derived from natural primary amino acids for direct asymmetric aldol reaction.
- As an alternative activator to tetrazoles in the reaction of phosphoroamidites with nucleosides.
생산 방법
2,4-Dinitrochlorobenzene is hydrolyzed by heating with 6 % aqueous sodium hydroxide at 95 – 100 ℃ for 4 h. The product 2,4-Dinitrophenol is precipitated by addition of acid, filtered off, and washed to remove acid and also a small quantity of the more soluble 2,6-isomer. The yield is 95 %.일반 설명
Solid yellow crystals. Explosive when dry or with less than 15% water. The primary hazard is from blast of an instantaneous explosion and not flying projectiles and fragments. slightly soluble in water and soluble in ether and solutions of sodium or potassium hydroxide.공기와 물의 반응
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.반응 프로필
2,4-Dinitrophenol may explode if subjected to heat or flame. may explode if allowed to dry out. Forms explosive salts with alkalis and ammonia. Incompatible with heavy metals and their compounds. Also incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, strong bases and reducing agents. Reacts with combustibles.건강위험
2,4-Dinitrophenol is a severely acute toxicant, exhibiting high toxicity in animals by all routes of administration. It can be absorbed through the intact skin. The toxic effects are heavy sweating, nausea, vomiting, collapse, and death. Ingestion of 1 g of solid can be fatal to humans. A 30-minute exposure to its vapors at a concentration of 300 mg/m3 was lethal to dogs (NIOSH 1986). Chronic effects include polyneuropathy, weight loss, cataracts, and dermatitis.LD50 value, oral (rats): 30 mg/kg.
화재위험
Combustible. May explode if subjected to heat or flame. POISONOUS GAS IS PRODUCED WHEN HEATED. Vapors are toxic. Can detonate or explode when heated under confinement.Safety Profile
A deadly human poison by ingestion. An experimental poison by ingestion, inhalation, intravenous, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intramuscular routes. Moderately toxic by skin contact. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. Human systemic effects: body temperature increase, change in heart rate, coma. A skin irritant. Mutation data reported. Phytotoxic. A pesticide. An explosive. Forms explosive salts with alkalies and ammonia. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also NITRO COMPOUNDS of AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS.Carcinogenicity
No teratogenic effects have been reported in limited developmental toxicity studies in rodents. Decreased fetal body weight and crown-rump length were noted in rats and mice after parenteral administration.2,4-DNP was not genotoxic in most in vivo and in vitro studies.
An ACGIH threshold limit value (TLV) has not been established for 2,4-DNP.
신진 대사 경로
The bacterial strain RB1, which is isolated by enrichment cultivation with 2,4-dinitrophenol, degrades this phenol into two aliphatic acids. One metabolite results from the release of the 2-nitro group as nitrile, with the production of aliphatic nitro compound, 3-nitroadipate. Then, the 3-nitro group is released from this metabolite as nitrile. The other metabolite is 4,6-dinitrohexanoic acid possessing two nitro groups from 2,4-dinitrophenol.Purification Methods
Crystallise it from *benzene, EtOH, EtOH/H2O or H2O acidified with dilute HCl, dry it, then recrystallise it from CCl4. Dry it in an oven and store it in a vacuum desiccator over CaSO4. The benzoate has m 132o (from EtOH). [Beilstein 6 IV 1369.]2,4-다이나이트로페놀 준비 용품 및 원자재
원자재
산화 질소
1-클로로-2.4-디니트로벤젠
2,6-다이나이트로페놀
3,3-디플루오로-3H-디아지린
3-Nitrosalicylic acid
2-히드록시-5-니트로벤조산
2-니트로페놀
1-플루오르-2,4-디니트로벤젠
살리실산
아스피린
4-Hydroxy-2,6-dimethylbenzoic acid
2-하이드록시-N-페닐아세트아마이드
2,4-디니트로디페닐아민
2,4-디니트로벤조익산