Allergic reaction refers to the tissue injury or physiological disorders caused by the stimulation of the bodies through antigenic substances (such as bacteria, viruses, parasites, pollen, etc.), belonging to abnormal or pathological immune response. Drugs used for the prevention and treatment of allergic diseases are called as antiallergic agents.
Such kinds of drugs include:
1. anti-histamine drug which mainly includes histamine H1 receptor antagonists, such as promethazine, diphenhydramine, etc., it can compete with histamine to bind to the histamine H1 receptor in the effector cells, disabling the histamine from binding to the H1 receptors, thereby inhibiting its role in causing allergic reactions. In addition, histamine decarboxylation inhibitor also belongs to antihistamines.
2. Allergic reaction medium inhibitor-releasing agent; it can stabilize mast cell membrane, preventing the release of histamine and related allergic reactions medium (such as slow-reacting substance bradykinin) for producing allergic reactions, such as cromolyn sodium and the like.
3. Other anti-allergic agents, including calcium salts such as calcium chloride, calcium gluconate; desensitizing agents, such as dust, mites injection; corticosteroids, such as prednisone.