- Metformin
-
- US $36.00 / KG/Tin
- 2021-01-14
- CAS:657-24-9
- Min. Order: 10g
- Purity: 99%
- Supply Ability: 10 Tons
- Metformin
-
- US $10.00-1000.00 / KG
- 2021-01-01
- CAS:657-24-9
- Min. Order: 0.5KG
- Purity: >99%
- Supply Ability: 20tons
- Metformin
-
- US $4300.00 / KG
- 2020-07-09
- CAS:657-24-9
- Min. Order: 1KG
- Purity: 98.0%
- Supply Ability: 1T
|
| | Metformin Basic information |
| Product Name: | Metformin | | Synonyms: | 1,1-dimethyl-biguanid;dimethylbiguanide;dmgg;flumamine;gliguanid;haurymelin;la6023;melbin | | CAS: | 657-24-9 | | MF: | C4H11N5 | | MW: | 129.16 | | EINECS: | 211-517-8 | | Product Categories: | | | Mol File: | 657-24-9.mol |  |
| | Metformin Chemical Properties |
| Toxicity | LD50 oral in mouse: 1450mg/kg |
| | Metformin Usage And Synthesis |
| Originator | Diabetex ,Germania | | Uses | non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus | | Indications | Metformin
(Glucophage) was used in Europe for many years before
it was approved for use in the United States in
1995. Metformin is the only approved biguanide for the
treatment of patients with NIDDM that are refractory
to dietary management alone. Metformin does not affect
insulin secretion but requires the presence of insulin
to be effective. The exact mechanism of metformin’s
action is not clear, but it does decrease hepatic
glucose production and increase peripheral glucose uptake.
When used as monotherapy, metformin rarely
causes hypoglycemia. | | Manufacturing Process | The boiling mixture of 1,000 L xylene, 450 kg dimethylamine and 840 kg dicyanamide was added 365 kg hydrogene chloride. Yield of biguanide, 1,1- dimethyl-, hydrochloride 1,588 kg (96%). Biguanide, 1,1-dimethyl-, hydrochloride may be recrystallysed from methanol. | | Therapeutic Function | Oral hypoglycemic | | Biological Functions | Metformin can lower free fatty acid concentrations by 10 to 30%.
This antilipolytic effect may help to explain the reduction in gluconeogenesis through reduced levels of available substrate
(65). When given as a monotherapy, metformin treatment does not lead to hypoglycemia, so it is better described as an
antihyperglycemic agent rather than a hypoglycemic agent.
| | General Description | Metformin is N,N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidic diamide,but can accurately and much more simply be namedas 1,1-dimethylbiguanide. Metformin is available, as its hydrochloridesalt, in tablets ranging in strengths from 500-mgto 1-g (Glucophage, numerous generics), extended-releasetablets (Fortamet, Glumetza), and an oral solution (Riomet);and in combinations with rosiglitazone (Avandamet),pioglitazone (Actoplus Met), glipizide (Metaglip, generics),glyburide (Glucovance), repaglinide (Prandimet), and mostrecently, sitagliptin (Janumet). | | General Description | Metformin, N,N-dimethylimidodicarbonimidicdiamide hydrochloride (Glucophage), is a bisguanidine.This class of agents is capable of reducing sugar absorptionfrom the gastrointestinal tract. Also, they can decrease gluconeogenesiswhile increasing glucose uptake by muscles andfat cells. These effects, in turn, lead to lower blood glucoselevels. Unlike the sulfonylureas, these are not hypoglycemicagents but rather can act as antihyperglycemics. This differencein nomenclature is caused by the inability of these agentsto stimulate the release of insulin from the pancreas. Often,metformin is coadministered with the nonsulfonylureas to improvethe efficacy of those agents. | | Clinical Use | Metformin works best in patients with significant
hyperglycemia and is often considered first-line therapy
in the treatment of mild to moderate type II overweight
diabetics who demonstrate insulin resistance. The
United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study demonstrated
a marked reduction in cardiovascular comorbidities
and diabetic complications in metformintreated
individuals. Metformin has also been used to
treat hirsutism in individuals with polycystic ovarian
syndrome and may enhance fertility in these women,
perhaps by decreasing androgen levels and enhancing
insulin sensitivity. | | Safety Profile | Poison by
subcutaneous and intraperitoneal routes.
Mildly toxic by parenteral route.
Experimental teratogenic effects. Mutation
data reported. When heated to
decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx | | Metabolism | Metformin is quickly absorbed from the small intestine. Bioavailability is from 50 to 60%, and the drug is not protein bound.
Peak plasma concentrations occur at approximately 2 hours. The drug is widely distributed in the body and accumulates in the wall of the small intestine. This depot of drug serves to maintain plasma concentrations. Metformin is excreted in the
urine, via tubular excretion, as unmetabolized drug with a half-life of approximately 2 to 5 hours; therefore, renal impairment
as well as hepatic disease are contraindications for the drug. |
| | Metformin Preparation Products And Raw materials |
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