Sotalol Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
Definition
ChEBI: A sulfonamide that is N-phenylmethanesulfonamide in which the phenyl group is sustituted at position 4 by a 1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl group. It has both beta-adrenoreceptor blocking (Vaughan Williams Class II) and
ardiac action potential duration prolongation (Vaughan Williams Class III) antiarrhythmic properties. It is used (usually as the hydrochloride salt) for the management of ventricular and supraventricular arrhythmias.
Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO)
Sotalol is a non-selective?-adrenoreceptor antagonist. It should
be noted that when stopping sotalol the dose should be reduced gradually.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Sotalol, 4＇[1-hydroxy-2-(isopropylamino)ethyl]methylsulfonanilide (Betapace), is a relatively new antiarrhythmicdrug, characterized most often as a class IIIagent, and although it has effects that are related to the classII agents, it is not therapeutically considered a class II antiarrhythmic.It contains a chiral center and is marketed as theracemic mixture. Because of its enantiomers, its mechanismof action spans two of the antiarrhythmic drug classes. Thel(-) enantiomer has both β-blocking (class II) and potassiumchannel-blocking (class III) activities. The d(+) enantiomerhas class III properties similar to those of the (-) isomer,but its affinity for the -adrenergic receptor is 30 to 60 timeslower.
Clinical Use
The sotalol enantiomers produce different effects onthe heart. Class III action of d-sotalol in the sinus node isassociated with slowing of sinus heart rate, whereas -adrenergicblockade contributes to the decrease in heart rate observedwith 1- or d,1-sotalol. Sotalol is not metabolized, noris it bound significantly to proteins. Elimination occurs byrenal excretion, with more than 80% of the drug eliminatedunchanged. Sotalol is characteristic of class III antiarrhythmicdrugs, in that it prolongs the duration of the action potentialand, thus, increases the effective refractory period of myocardialtissue. It is distinguished from the other class III drugs(amiodarone and bretylium) because of its -adrenergicreceptor–blocking action.
Nebenwirkungen
Side effects of sotalol include those attributed to both
β-adrenoceptor blockade and proarrhythmic effects.
This arrhythmia is a serious threat, as it may lead to ventricular
fibrillation. Adverse effects attributable to its β-
blocker activity include fatigue, dyspnea, chest pain,
headache, nausea, and vomiting.
Arzneimittelwechselwirkung
Drugs with inherent QT interval–prolonging activity
(i.e., thiazide diuretics and terfenadine) may enhance
the class III effects of sotalol.
Vorsichtsmaßnahmen
The contraindications that apply to other β-adrenoceptor
blocking agents also apply to sotalol. In addition, hypokalemia
and drugs known to prolong the QT interval
may be contraindicated, as they enhance the possibility
of proarrhythmic events.
Sotalol Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
