三酸化二鉄 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
褐色～赤褐色、結晶性粉末～粉末
定義
本品は、鉄の酸化物であり、ベンガラ、黄酸化鉄、黒酸化鉄などを含む。
溶解性
酸に溶ける。
解説
Fe2O3(159.69)．酸化鉄(Ⅲ)ともいう．三酸化二鉄は，鉄の酸化物としてはもっとも普通のもの．一般に赤色の粉末だが，製法，処理により黄赤，赤褐色，紫，黒色を呈する．α形とγ形があり，硝酸塩，水酸化物を空気中で焼くとα形が，四酸化三鉄を徐々に酸化するとγ形が得られる．高温ではα形になる．α形は天然には赤鉄鉱として産出する．密度5.12～5.24 g cm－3．融点1550 ℃．モース硬さ5.5～6.5．強熱すると分解してFe3O4になる．水に不溶．酸には徐々に溶けて鉄(Ⅲ)塩になる．湿った空気中では水蒸気を強く吸収する．赤色顔料(べんがら)，磁性材料，触媒，研磨剤に用いられる．森北出版「化学辞典（第2版）
用途
磁性材料、塗料
用途
顔料、塗料着色剤
用途
磁性材料(フェライト及び磁気テープの主原料)、塗料(船底塗料、錆止塗料)、印刷インキ、合成樹脂、建材(セメントかわら、スレート、アスベスト床、壁材の着色顔料)、製紙、陶磁器、道路、ゴム、絵具、クレヨン等の着色料、農薬、化粧品原料(清浄用化粧品、頭髪化粧品、基礎化粧品、メークアップ化粧品、芳香化粧品、日焼け?日焼け止め化粧品、口唇化粧品、口腔化粧品等)、食品添加物(バナナ、コンニャク)
化粧品の成分用途
着色剤
主な用途／役割
赤色用無機系着色剤。
使用上の注意
不活性ガス封入
説明
Iron oxides are produced synthetically and consist essentially of anhydrous and/or hydrated iron oxides. The range of hues includesyellows, reds, browns and blacks. Food quality iron oxides are primarily distinguished from technical grades by the comparatively low levels of contamination by other metals. This is achieved by the selection and control of the source of iron and/or by the extent of chemical purification during the manufacturing process. Iron oxides have been used to color confectionery, fillings and decorations for pastry products, cheese products, fish paste, pet foods, cosmetics and pharmaceutical products.
化学的特性
Hematite is a noncombustible, black to black red or brick-red mineral (iron ore) composed mainly of
ferric oxide, Fe2O3. Ferric oxide
天然物の起源
Iron(III) oxide occurs in nature as the mineral hematite. It is the principal ore of iron from which the metal and its alloys are produced. Also, this oxide occurs in the mineral, limonite, 2Fe
2O
3?3H
2O. An important application of this compound involves producing red, orange, and yellow pigments. Other applications are in coatings for metals, steel and rubber; in ceramics; and as a catalyst for oxidation reactions.
使用
Ferric Oxide is a nutrient and dietary supplement that is a source of
iron.
定義
A high-grade red pigment used
as a polishing agent for glass, jewelry, etc. (2) A
cosmetic prepared from dried flowers of the saf-
flower.
製造方法
Iron(III) oxide is prepared as a reddish-brown hydrated precipitate by treating an aqueous solution of an iron(III) salt with caustic soda:
2FeCl
3 + 6NaOH → Fe
2O
3?3H
2O + 6NaCl
It also is obtained by thermal decomposition of iron(II) sulfate or the brown oxide hydroxide:
2FeSO
4 → Fe
2O
3 + SO
2 + SO
3 2FeO(OH) → Fe
2O
3 + H
2O
The oxide is prepared in industrial scale by first precipitating iron(II) hydroxide Fe(OH)2 by treating aqueous solutions of iron(II) sulfate and caustic soda. The Fe(OH)2 is then oxidized to iron(III) hydroxide by aeration. The latter is dehydrated by heating:
Fe
2+ (aq) + OHˉ (aq) → Fe(OH)
2(s) → 2Fe(OH)
3 → Fe
2O
3 + 3H
2O
It also is produced by ignition of iron(III) oxalate and iron carbonyls:
2Fe
2(C
2O
4)
3 +3O
2 → 2Fe
2O
3 + 12CO
.
危険性
Pneumoconiosis. Questionable carcinogen.
職業ばく露
Hematite; as an iron ore composed
mainly of ferric oxide, is a major source of iron and is used
as a pigment for rubber, paints, paper, linoleum, ceramics,
dental restoratives; and as a polishing agent for glass and pre cious metals. It is also used in electrical resistors, semiconduc tors, magnets, and as a catalyst. Human exposure to hematite
from underground hematite mining is principally through
inhalation and/or ingestion of dusts. No estimates are available
concerning the number of underground miners exposed.
発がん性
Welders are typically exposed to a complex
mixture of dust and fume of metallic oxides, as
well as irritant gases, and are subject to mixeddust
pneumoconiosis with possible loss of pulmonary
function; this should not be confused
with benign pneumoconiosis caused by iron
oxide.1 Although an increased incidence of lung
cancer has been observed among hematite
miners exposed to iron oxide, presumably
owing to concomitant radon gas exposure,
there is no evidence that iron oxide alone is carcinogenic
to man or animals.6
不和合性
Contact with hydrogen peroxide, ethyl ene oxide, calcium hypochlorite will cause explosion.
Violent reaction with powdered aluminum; hydrazine,
hydrogen trisulfide.
三酸化二鉄 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品