ジソジオスルフィド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
溶解性
水に溶けやすい。
解説
ナトリウムと硫黄(いおう)の化合物。通常はナトリウムの一硫化物のことをいい、他はポリ硫化ナトリウムとよばれる。水酸化ナトリウムの水溶液に硫化水素を飽和させて硫化水素ナトリウムの水溶液とし、当量の水酸化ナトリウムを加えて48℃以下で濃縮すると、九水和物が得られる。それ以上の温度では六水和物、5.5水和物などが晶出する。無水和物とするには水素気流中で加熱脱水する必要がある。ナトリウムと硫黄の直接反応によっても得られるが、工業的には無水硫酸ナトリウムを石炭粉末で熱還元する方法が行われる。白色または淡紅色の粉末。空気中で酸化されてチオ硫酸ナトリウムに変わる。水に溶け、エタノール（エチルアルコール）にわずかに溶けるがエーテルには不溶。水溶液は強アルカリ性を呈し、硫黄を溶解して黄色のポリ硫化ナトリウムNa2Sx（xは2、3、4、5）を生成する。酸を加えると硫化水素を発生する。硫化染料の製造、ニトロ化合物の還元、皮なめしの脱臭剤、写真のセピア調色剤、陽イオンの系統的定性分析用試薬などに用いられる。［鳥居泰男］[補完資料] | 硫化ナトリウム（データノート）
小学館 日本大百科全書(ニッポニカ) ）
用途
PPS樹脂原料、有機合成化学用皮革脱毛剤、硫化染色助剤、硫化染料原料、化繊脱硫。
使用上の注意
不活性ガス封入
化学的特性
Sodium sulfide,Na2S, also known as sodium sulfuret,is an irritating, water-soluble, yellowish to reddish, deliquescent powder that melts at 1180°C (2156 °F). Sodium sulfide is used as a chemical intermediate and solvent,in conversion of wood into paper pulp, as a photographic and analytical reagent,as a source of sulfide,as a reducing agent,in organic reactions, as a depilatory, and in sheep dips.
物理的性質
White cubic crystal; hygroscopic; density 1.856 g/cm3; melts at 1,172°C; soluble in water 18.6 g/100mL at 20°C and 39 g/100mL at 50°C; aqueous solutions strongly alkaline; slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether.
The pentahydrate consists of flat, shiny prismatic crystals; density 1.58 g/cm
3; loses three water molecules at 100°C; melts at 120°C losing all water molecules; soluble in water and alcohol; aqueous solutions strongly alkaline; insoluble in ether.
The nonahydrate is a yellowish-white crystalline solid; tetragonal crystals; odor of hydrogen sulfide; the color changes on exposure to light and air, first turning to yellow and then becoming brownish-black, deliquescent; density 1.43 g/cm
3; decomposes at about 50°C; very soluble in water; aqueous solution strongly alkaline; slightly soluble in alcohol; insoluble in ether.
使用
These yellow flakes were made by fusing sodium carbonate with
sulfur. Soluble in water but less so in alcohol, sodium sulfide
was lovingly called “stink” by those who used it for toning
prints or intensifying negatives because of its sulfurous smell.
製造方法
Sodium sulfide is prepared by heating sodium bisulfate with sodium chloride and coal above 950°C. The product mixture is extracted with water and the hydrated sulfide is obtained from the solution by crystallization: NaHSO
4 + NaCl + 2C → Na
2S + 2CO
2↑ + HCl↑
Sodium sulfide also is produced from its elements in liquid ammonia: Na + 2S → Na
2S.
定義
ChEBI: A sulfide salt with formula Na2S. The pentahydrate and (particularly) the nonahydrate are also known. In gel form, sodium sulfide is used to soften toenails to assist in trimming (and so relive pain) of ingrowing toenails.
一般的な説明
Sodium sulfide is a yellow to brick red crystalline mass or fused solid with an odor of rotten eggs. If exposed to moist air Sodium sulfide is liable to spontaneous heating and may cause ignition of nearby combustible material. Sodium sulfide absorbs moisture from the air.
空気と水の反応
Aqueous solutions of sodium sulfide when exposed to air slowly convert to sodium hydroxide and sodium thiosulfate. The crystalline form upon exposure to air forms hydrogen sulfide and sodium carbonate [Merck 11th ed. 1989].
反応プロフィール
SODIUM SULFIDE is a white to yellow crystalline material, flammable. Can explode on rapid heating or when shocked. Violent reaction with carbon, charcoal, diazonium salts, N,N-dichloromethylamine, strong oxidizers, water. On contact with acids Sodium sulfide liberates highly toxic and flammable hydrogen sulfide gas. When heated to decomposition Sodium sulfide emits toxic fumes of sodium oxide, and oxides of sulfur [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1729].
危険性
Flammable, dangerous fire and explosion
risk. Strong irritant to skin and tissue, liberates toxic
hydrogen sulfide on contact with acids.
健康ハザード
Caustic action on skin and eyes. If ingested may liberate hydrogen sulfide in stomach.
火災危険
Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Irritating sulfur dioxide is produced in fire.
工業用途
In non-metallic flotation, sodium sulfide is also used as a depressant and for collector
desorption, in particular, fatty acids from monazite, pyrochlore, zircon and microcline.
As a depressant for quartz, sodium sulfide is an excellent depressant for iron-activated
quartz as well as non-activated quartz.
安全性プロファイル
A poison by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Flammable when exposed to heat or flame. Unstable and can explode on rapid heating or percussion. Reacts violently with carbon, diazonium salts, n,n-dichloromethylamine, onitroaniline diazonium salt, water. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of SOx and Na2O. See also SULFIDES
純化方法
Some purification of the hydrated salt can be achieved by selecting large crystals and removing the surface layer (contaminated with oxidation products) by washing with distilled water. Other metal ions can be removed from Na2S solutions by passage through a column of Dowex ion-exchange A-1 resin, Na+-form. The hydrated salt can be rendered anhydrous by heating it in a stream of H2 or N2 until water is no longer evolved. (The resulting cake should not be heated to fusion because it is readily oxidised.) Recrystallise it from distilled water [Anderson & Azowlay J Chem Soc, Dalton Trans 469 1986]. Note that sodium sulfide hydrolyses in H2O to form NaHS + H2O, and is therefore alkaline. A 0.1N solution in H2O is 86% hydrolysed at room temperature. Its solubility in H2O is 8% at 0o, 12% at 20o and 30% at 50o. The anhydrous salt is obtained by allowing it to stand in a vacuum over conc H2SO4 or P2O5 at 45o to start with, then at 30-35o when the salt contains 4% of water. The last traces of water are removed by heating to 700o in a glass or porcelain tube in a stream of H2 to give pure H2S. [Fehér in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I pp 358-360 1963.]
ジソジオスルフィド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品
2,4-ビス(エチルアミノ)-6-メチルチオ-1,3,5-トリアジン
ブチル スルフィド
2-アミノ-4-クロロトルエン塩酸塩
ペンタメチレンスルフィド
2-メチルチオ-4,6-ビス(イソプロピルアミノ)-1,3,5-トリアジン
4-アミノ-3-[(4-アミノフェニル)アゾ]-5-ヒドロキシ-6-(フェニルアゾ)-2,7-ナフタレンジスルホン酸二ナトリウム
C.I.リアクティブグリーン19
4-アミノベンズアルデヒド
2-エチルアミノ-4-イソプロピルアミノ-6-メチルチオ-1,3,5-トリアジン
4-アミノフルオレセイン
2-アミノ-p-クレゾール
テルル
ジシクロヘキシル ジスルフィド
4-アセトアミドベンズアルデヒド
セレン(IV)ジスルフィド
4-アミノ-3,6-ビス[[4-[(2,4-ジアミノフェニル)アゾ]フェニル]アゾ]-5-ヒドロキシナフタレン-2,7-ジスルホン酸二ナトリウム
4-ジアゾジフェニルアミンスルファート
5クロロ2メトキシアニリン塩酸塩
N-(p-メトキシフェニル)-p-フェニレンジアミン·0.5硫酸塩
ビス(2-ニトロフェニル)ジスルフィド
アゾイックジアゾコンポーネント20 (ベース)
4-アミノ-2-クロロトルエン
4-ブトキシアニリン
二塩素酸カルシウム二水和物
2-(4-メチルフェニル)ベンゾチアゾール
2-(アセトキシ)-3-ブロモ-5-クロロ-N-(4-ブロモフェニル)ベンゼンカルボチオアミド
アリルスルフィド
5-ブロモ-3-フルオロ-2-ピリジノン
2-メルカプトベンゾイミダゾール
2,5-チオフェンジカルボン酸
1,5-ジアミノアントラキノン
ジベンゾ[def,mno]クリセン-6,12-ジオン
