コバルト(II)オキシド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法
外観
暗褐色の粉末
溶解性
水に不溶。酸, 濃アルカリに可溶。塩酸に溶ける。
用途
合成原料、触媒、陶器及びガラスの着色料、顔料。
用途
顔料(濃い群青)、コバルト塩原料、電子材料、ホーロー下びき (化学工業日報社)
説明
This is obtained as an olive-green powder by heating the metal in air or steam or by thermal decomposition of the hydroxide, carbonate or nitrate. It has the sodium chloride lattice and is antiferromagnetic below 292°K. When heated in oxygen above 400° the black oxide Co3O4 is obtained. This oxide is isomorphous with magnetite Fe3O4, and has tetrahedrally surrounded cobalt(II) ions and octahedrally surrounded cobalt(III) ions. Both these oxides are readily reduced to the metal by heating in hydrogen or with carbon. The reactions of CoO with silica, alumina and zinc oxide are used to form pigments in the ceramic industry.
化学的特性
Cobalt oxide is a high-valent oxide of cobalt, with a theoretical cobalt content of 71.06% and an oxygen content of 28.94%, which is a black amorphous powder. Cobalt oxide is a kind of unstable and impossible free state compound, usually refers to the cobalt oxide are attached with a certain amount of cobalt tetraoxide when heated cobalt oxide is reduced to cobalt tetraoxide. The theoretical cobalt content of cobalt tetraoxide is 73.43% and the oxygen content is 26.57%, with the appearance of gray-black or black powder.
The cobalt oxide used in batteries is cobalt tetraoxide, which has a spinel structure. It can be used as anode material for lithium-ion batteries and is also the main raw material for the preparation of lithium cobaltate, the cathode material for lithium-ion batteries.
物理的性質
The commercial product is usually dark grey powder, but the color may vary from olive geeen to brown depending on particle size; density 6.44 g/cm
3, which also may vary between 5.7 to 6.7 g/cm
3, depending on the method of preparation; melts around 1,830°C; insoluble in water; soluble in acids and alkalis.
使用
In pigments for ceramics; glass coloring and decolorization; oxidation catalyst for drying oils, fast-drying paints and varnishes; preparation of cobalt-metal catalysts, Co powder for binder in sintered tungsten carbide; in semiconductors.
Structure and conformation
Green cobalt(II) oxide (CoO) has the rock salt (NaCl) structure. It is easily oxidized with water and oxygen to brown cobalt(III) hydroxide (Co(OH)3). At temperatures of 600℃-700℃, CoO oxidizes to the blue cobalt (II,III) oxide (Co3O4), which has a spinel structure. Black cobalt(III) oxide (Co2O3) also exists. Cobalt oxides are antiferromagnetic at low temperature: CoO (Ne′el temperature 18℃/291K) and Co3O4 (Ne′el temperature: 2233℃/40K), which is analogous to magnetite (Fe3O4), with a mixture of 12 and 13 oxidation states.
参考文献
S. Sasaki, K. Fujino, Y. Takéuchi, Proc. Japan Acad., Ser. B, 55, 43 (1979), DOI: 10.2183/pjab.55.43.
コバルト(II)オキシド 上流と下流の製品情報
原材料
準備製品