하이드라진, 모노수화물

하이드라진, 모노수화물 속성

하이드라진, 모노수화물 MSDS

Hydrazine hydrate

하이드라진, 모노수화물 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

용도

제품의 권고 용도와 사용상의 제한 본 제품은 실험실 및 연구용 시약 외의 용도로는 사용할 수 없음.

안전성

가.눈에 들어갔을 때 많은 양의 물이나 생리식염수로 15분 이상 눈을 세척하고 즉시 의사
의 치료를 받을 것.
나.피부에 접촉했을 때 오염된 의복 및 신발을 즉시 벗고 15분 이상 다량의 물과 비누로 씻
을 것.
다.흡입했을 때 노출로부터 환자를 즉시 신선한 공기가 있는 곳으로 옮기고 호흡정
지 및 곤란 시 인공호흡 실시 및 의사의 치료를 받을 것.
라.먹었을 때 구토를 하지 않도록 하고 즉시 의사의 치료를 받을 것.
마.기타 의사의 주의사항 흡입의 경우에는 산소의 공급을 고려할 것.
섭취의 경우에는 위 세척을 고려할 것.
의료인이 해당물질에 대해 인지하고 보호조치를 취하도록 할 것

용도

사용상의 제한 실험연구용 시약, 합성 및 공정약품 외 사용금지.

화학적 성질

colourless fuming liquid

물리적 성질

Colorless fuming liquid; faint odor; refractive index 1.4284; density 1.032g/mL; boils at 119°C; solidifies at -51.7°C; miscible with water and alcohol;insoluble in chloroform, methylene chloride, and ether.

용도

Hydrazine hydrate is used as a reducing agent in synthetic and analytical reactions and as a solvent for many inorganic compounds. It also is used with methanol as a propellant for rocket engines. Another application is catalytic decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

제조 방법

Hydrazine hydrate is prepared by treating hydrazine sulfate, N2H4•H2SO4 with sodium hydroxide. The product is collected by distillation under nitrogen. It also is obtained as a by-product in the Bayer Ketazine process for producing hydrazine in which hydrazine solution is hydrolysed under pressure in a ketazine column.

일반 설명

A colorless fuming liquid with a faint ammonia-like odor. Corresponds to a 64% aqueous solution of hydrazine in water. Combustible but may require some effort to ignite. Contact with oxidizing materials may cause spontaneous ignition. Toxic by inhalation and by skin absorption. Corrosive to tissue. Produces toxics oxides of nitrogen during combustion.

공기와 물의 반응

Fumes in air. Water soluble.

반응 프로필

Hydrazine hydrate is a base and a very powerful reducing agent. Very corrosive. Violent reaction on contact with alkali metals (sodium, potassium), 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene, tin dichloride, mercury oxide. Vigorous neutralization reaction with acids. Emits toxic fumes of nitrogen oxides when heated to decomposition [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 680]. Reacts with tin(II) chloride to give tin(II) dihydrazine chloride, which decomposes explosively when heated [Mellor 7:430(1946-1947)]. Reacts exothermically and violently with 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene [Wischmeyer (1967)].

위험도

See hydrazine.

건강위험

TOXIC; inhalation, ingestion or skin contact with material may cause severe injury or death. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

화재위험

Combustible material: may burn but does not ignite readily. When heated, vapors may form explosive mixtures with air: indoors, outdoors and sewers explosion hazards. Contact with metals may evolve flammable hydrogen gas. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways. Substance may be transported in a molten form.

Purification Methods

It is best obtained by heating hydrazine sulphate (200g), NaOH (160g) and H2O (75mL, exothermic) in a copper flask under reflux for 1.5hours then distilled off (using a flame to remove all the hydrazine). The distillate (175mL) is a clear liquid which contains ~40-45% of N2H4. Note that hydrazine attacks glass, rubber and cork, and stainless steel equipment should be used. The percentage of hydrazine is determined by titration with standard acid (methyl orange indicator) or against standard iodine (starch indicator). Hydrazine monohydrate should contain 64% of N2H4. The ~40-45% solution may be concentrated by mixing it (144mL) with xylene (230mL) and distilling it through an efficient fractionating column (e.g. Hempel column, p 10). All the xylene passes over with about 85mL of H2O. On distilling the residue, hydrated hydrazine (50mL) is obtained containing 80-85% of N2H4. This can be diluted with conductivity H2O to 64% N2H4 to give the monohydrate. Hydrazine and its hydrates have VERY IRRITATING and TOXIC vapours and should be used in an efficient fume cupboard. [Schenk in Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I pp 469-472 1963.]

하이드라진, 모노수화물 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품

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