과망간산칼륨

과망간산칼륨
과망간산칼륨 구조식 이미지
카스 번호:
7722-64-7
한글명:
과망간산칼륨
동의어(한글):
과망간산칼륨염;카이록스(R)(CARUSC헤미CALCOMPANY)(CAIROX;1N(0.2M)과망간산칼륨;N/10(0.02M)과망간산칼륨;N/2(0.1M)과망간산칼륨;N/40(0.005M)과망간산칼륨;과망간산칼륨;카멜레온미네랄;카이록스;칼륨과망간산용액,0.1N;과망간산 칼륨;과망간산칼륨(VII)
상품명:
Potassium permanganate
동의어(영문):
POTASSIUM PERMAGANATE;potassio(permanganatodi);potassium permanganate solution;kaliumpermanganaat;cairox;algae-k;ci77755;argucide;hilco#88;BETZ 0263
CBNumber:
CB7775235
분자식:
KMnO4
포뮬러 무게:
158.033949
MOL 파일:
7722-64-7.mol
MSDS 파일:
SDS

과망간산칼륨 속성

녹는점
240°C
밀도
1.01 g/mL at 25 °C
증기압
<0.01 hPa (20 °C)
저장 조건
Store at RT.
용해도
H2O: 0.1 M at 20 °C,완전히 용해되어 보라색 용액을 형성합니다
물리적 상태
액체(체적)
Specific Gravity
2.703
색상
보라
수소이온지수(pH)
8 (H2O, 20°C)
수용성
6.4g/100mL(20℃)
감도
Light Sensitive
crystal system
Nogata
Merck
14,7655
Space group
Pnma
Lattice constant
a/nmb/nmc/nmα/oβ/oγ/oV/nm3
0.91050.5720.7425909090
안정성
안정적이지만 가연성 물질과 접촉하면 화재가 발생할 수 있습니다. 피해야 할 물질에는 환원제, 강산, 유기 물질, 가연성 물질, 과산화물, 알코올 및 화학적 활성 금속이 포함됩니다. 강한 산화제.
CAS 데이터베이스
7722-64-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA
Potassium permanganate (7722-64-7)
안전
  • 위험 및 안전 성명
  • 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 O,Xn,N,Xi,C
위험 카페고리 넘버 8-51/53-50/53-22-52/53-36/38-34
안전지침서 60-61-36-26
유엔번호(UN No.) UN 3082 9/PG 3
WGK 독일 3
RTECS 번호 SD6475000
TSCA Yes
HS 번호 2841 61 00
위험 등급 5.1
포장분류 II
유해 물질 데이터 7722-64-7(Hazardous Substances Data)
독성 LD50 orally in rats: 1.09 g/kg (Smyth)
기존화학 물질 KE-29180
사고대비 물질 필터링 65
그림문자(GHS): GHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictogramsGHS hazard pictograms
신호 어: Danger
유해·위험 문구:
암호 유해·위험 문구 위험 등급 범주 신호 어 그림 문자 P- 코드
H272 화재를 강렬하게 함; 산화제 산화성 액체;산화성 고체 구분 2
구분 3
위험
경고
GHS hazard pictograms P210, P220, P221P280, P370+P378,P501
H302 삼키면 유해함 급성 독성 물질 - 경구 구분 4 경고 GHS hazard pictograms P264, P270, P301+P312, P330, P501
H314 피부에 심한 화상과 눈에 손상을 일으킴 피부부식성 또는 자극성물질 구분 1A, B, C 위험 GHS hazard pictograms P260,P264, P280, P301+P330+ P331,P303+P361+P353, P363, P304+P340,P310, P321, P305+ P351+P338, P405,P501
H373 장기간 또는 반복 노출되면 장기(또는, 영향을 받은 알려진 모든 장기를 명시)에 손상을 일으킬 수 있음 특정 표적장기 독성 - 반복 노출 구분 2 경고 P260, P314, P501
H410 장기적 영향에 의해 수생생물에 매우 유독함 수생 환경유해성 물질 - 만성 구분 1 경고 GHS hazard pictograms P273, P391, P501
예방조치문구:
P210 열·스파크·화염·고열로부터 멀리하시오 - 금연 하시오.
P260 분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이를 흡입하지 마시오.
P273 환경으로 배출하지 마시오.
P280 보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.
P303+P361+P353 피부(또는 머리카락)에 묻으면 오염된 모든 의복은 벗거나 제거하시오 피부를 물로 씻으시오/샤워하시오.
P305+P351+P338 눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.
NFPA 704
0
1 0

과망간산칼륨 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요

Potassium permanganate, is composed of dark purple, odorless crystals with a blue metallic sheen. It is soluble in water, decomposes at 465°F (240°C), and is a powerful oxidizing material. Potassium permanganate is a dangerous fire and explosion risk in contact with organic materials. Potassium permanganate is incompatible with sulfuric acid, glycerin, and ethylene glycol. The four-digit UN identification number is 1490. The primary uses of potassium permanganate are as an oxidizer, bleach, or dye; during radioactive decontamination of the skin; and in the manufacture of organic chemicals.

화학적 성질

Potassium permanganate is a dark purple crystalline solid with a sweet taste that decompose at 240°C and explode in contact with oxidizable materials.Used as a disinfectant and analytical reagent, in dyes,bleaches,and medicines,and as a chemical intermediate.

물리적 성질

Dark purple rhombohedral crystal; density 2.703 g/cm3; stable in air;decomposes at about 240°C; moderately soluble in cold water, 6.38 g/100mL at 20°C, soluble in hot water, 25 g/100mL at 65°C; decomposed by alcohol, acetone and many organic solvents causing their oxidation; also decomposed by concentrated acids.

용도

Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is a dark purple-bluish sheen crystal with a slightly sweet taste. It is produced by oxidizing manganate in an electrolytic cell or by passing carbon dioxide through a hot solution of manganate and then cooling until permanganate crystals form. It is a strong oxidizing agent, particularly with organic matter, which makes it a good disinfectant, deodorizer, bleach, and antiseptic.

정의

potassium permanganate: A compound,KMnO4, forming purple crystalswith a metallic sheen, soluble inwater (intense purple solution), acetone,and methanol, but decomposedby ethanol; r.d. 2.70; decompositionbegins slightly above 100°C and iscomplete at 240°C. The compound isprepared by fusing manganese(IV)oxide with potassium hydroxide toform the manganate and electrolysingthe manganate solutionusing iron electrodes at about 60°C.An alternative route employs productionof sodium manganate by a similarfusion process, oxidation withchlorine and sulphuric acid, thentreatment with potassium chloride tocrystallize the required product.Potassium manganate(VII) is widelyused as an oxidizing agent and as adisinfectant in a variety of applications,and as an analytical reagent.

제조 방법

Potassium permanganate is produced from manganese ore containing at least 60% manganese dioxide, MnO2. The finely ground ore is mixed with 50%potassium hydroxide and heated at about 350°C in rotary kilns. This converts manganese dioxide to potassium manganate:
MnO22+ 4KOH + O2→2K2MnO4+ 2H2O
Potassium manganate obtained above is oxidized to the permanganate either by electrolysis or by chemical oxidation. Electrolytic oxidation is more common. Electrolytic cells have cathodes made of iron rods and nickel-plated anodes. Potassium manganate melt is extracted with water prior to its elec-trolysis and then electrolyzed at a cell voltage of 2.3V and current of about 1,400 amp. Permanganate is produced at theanode and water is reduced to gaseous hydrogen and hydroxyl ions at the cathode:
2K2MnO44+ 2H2O →2KMnO4+ 2KOH + H2.

Indications

Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) is an oxidizing agent that is rapidly rendered inactive in the presence of organic material. The oxidizing action of the chemical is purportedly responsible for its germicidal activity. It is also an astringent and a fungicide. This preparation stains the skin and clothing, and undissolved crystals will cause a chemical burn. It is used less commonly now (primarily as an antifungal agent) and may be little better than water as a wet dressing. A 1:4,000 to 1:16,000 dilution is used on weeping or denuded surfaces (one crushed 65-mg tablet dissolved in 250 to 500 mL; one 330-mg tablet dissolved in 1,500 mL to 3,000 mL). For use as a medicated bath, 8 g (approximately 2 tsp) should be dissolved in 200 L (a full bathtub) of water to produce about a 1:25,000 dilution. Skin stains may be removed with a weak solution of oxalic acid or sodium thiosulfate.

일반 설명

A purplish colored crystalline solid. Noncombustible but accelerates the burning of combustible material. If the combustible material is finely divided the mixture may be explosive. Contact with liquid combustible materials may result in spontaneous ignition. Contact with sulfuric acid may cause fire or explosion. Used to make other chemicals and as a disinfectant.

공기와 물의 반응

Soluble in water.

반응 프로필

Potassium permanganate is a very powerful oxidizing agent, particularly in acidic surroundings. Reacts with incandescence with aluminum carbide [Mellor 5:872. 1946-47]. Grinding with antimony or arsenic causes ignition of the metals [Mellor 12:322. 1946-47]. Mixtures with acetic acid or acetic anhydride may explode if not kept cold [Von Schwartz 1918. p. 34]. Explosions can occur when acidified solutions come in contact with benzene, carbon disulfide, diethyl ether, ethyl alcohol, petroleum, or organic matter. Contact with glycerol may produce an explosion [Pieters 1957. p. 30]. Contact with concentrated hydrogen peroxide solution can produce an explosion [Haz. Chem. Data 1973. p. 230]. Contact with solid hydroxylamine produces an immediate white flame [Mellor 8:294. 1946-47]. Transport through a polypropylene tube ignited the tube [MCA Case History 1842. 1972]. Mixing with concentrated sulfuric acid in a vessel containing moisture caused an explosion (due to formation of manganese heptoxide) [Delhez 1967].

위험도

Dangerous fire and explosion risk in contact with organic materials, powerful oxidizing agent.

건강위험

Burns and stains the skin dark brown. If ingested will cause severe distress of gastro-intestinal system. May be fatal if over 4 oz. are consumed.

화재위험

Behavior in Fire: May cause fire on contact with combustibles. Containers may explode.

공업 용도

This is a crystalline substance with a deep purple color, extremely soluble in water (60 g/L). At a temperature above 200 °C, KMnO4 decomposes according to the following reaction: 2KMnO4 +Heat? K2MnO4 + MnO2 + O2
Potassium permanganate has a depressing effect on most sulfide minerals including sphalerite, pyrrhotite and chalcopyrite. It has been used to depress pyrrhotite and arsenopyrite in a pyrite flotation alkaline circuit. Studies were carried out on the depression of copper in copper–molybdenite separation with promising results. There is very little known about the depressing action of KMnO4 in relation to pH.

잠재적 노출

Potassium permanganate is used in solutions as a disinfectant, topical antibacterial agent; deodorizer, bleaching agent; and in air and water purification.

운송 방법

UN1490 Potassium permanganate, Hazard Class: 5.1; Labels: 5.1-Oxidizer.

Purification Methods

Crystallise it from hot water (4mL/g at 65o), then dry it in a vacuum desiccator over CaSO4. Phillips and Taylor [J Chem Soc 4242 1962] cooled an aqueous solution of KMnO4, saturated at 60o, to room temperature in the dark, and filtered it through a No.4 porosity sintered-glass filter funnel. The solution was allowed to evaporate in air in the dark for 12hours, and the supernatant liquid was decanted from the crystals, which were dried as quickly as possible with filter paper.

비 호환성

Potassium permanganate is a powerful oxidizing agent, that is, it will initiate a fire or explosion if brought into contact with reducing materials; combustibles, organic materials; strong acids; or oxidizable solid, liquid or gas; glycerin, ethylene glycol; polypropylene, hydroxyl- amine, hydrogen trisulfide; antimony, arsenic, sulfuric acid; hydrogen peroxide; phosphorus, and any finely divided combustible material. It will decompose, and release oxygen, if brought into contact with heat, alcohol, acids, ferrous salts; iodides and oxalates.

폐기물 처리

React with reducing agent, neutralize and flush to sewer

과망간산칼륨 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품


과망간산칼륨 관련 검색:

Copyright 2019 © ChemicalBook. All rights reserved