포름아미드

포름아미드
포름아미드 구조식 이미지
카스 번호:
75-12-7
한글명:
포름아미드
동의어(한글):
포름아미드;메탄아미드;포르미미딕산;카르밤알데히드;카르밤알데히드;메탄아미드;포르미미딕산;폼아마이드;메탄아마이드;카밤알데하이드;폼이미드산
상품명:
Formamide
동의어(영문):
HCONH2;METHANAMIDE;Formamid;formimidicacid;Formaride;Formylamide;FORMIC AMIDE;CARBAMALDEHYDE;Formimidic acid;Residual Solvent Class 2 - Formamide
CBNumber:
CB9854215
분자식:
CH3NO
포뮬러 무게:
45.04
MOL 파일:
75-12-7.mol
MSDS 파일:
SDS

포름아미드 속성

녹는점
2-3 °C(lit.)
끓는 점
210 °C(lit.)
밀도
1.134 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
증기 밀도
1.55 (vs air)
증기압
0.08 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
굴절률
n20/D 1.447(lit.)
인화점
310 °F
저장 조건
Store at +2°C to +25°C.
용해도
H2O: 10 M at 20 °C, 투명, 무색
물리적 상태
액체
산도 계수 (pKa)
16.50±0.50(Predicted)
Specific Gravity
1.138 (20/20℃)
색상
투명, 무색
상대극성
7.3
냄새
냄새 없는
pH 범위
7.1 at 23 g/l
수소이온지수(pH)
8-10 (200g/l, H2O, 20℃)
폭발한계
2.7-19.0%(V)
수용성
혼용 가능
감도
Hygroscopic
최대 파장(λmax)
λ: 275 nm Amax: 1.00
λ: 280 nm Amax: 0.20
λ: 300 nm Amax: 0.05
λ: 360 nm Amax: 0.02
λ: 400 nm Amax: 0.01
Merck
14,4237
BRN
505995
노출 한도
ACGIH: TWA 10 ppm (Skin)
NIOSH: TWA 10 ppm(15 mg/m3)
Dielectric constant
84.0(20℃)
InChIKey
ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CAS 데이터베이스
75-12-7(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST
Formamide(75-12-7)
EPA
Formamide (75-12-7)
안전
  • 위험 및 안전 성명
  • 위험 및 사전주의 사항 (GHS)
위험품 표기 T
위험 카페고리 넘버 61-41-37/38-48/22-40
안전지침서 53-45-36/37/39-26-23-36/37
WGK 독일 1
RTECS 번호 LQ0525000
F 고인화성물질 10
자연 발화 온도 932 °F
TSCA Yes
HS 번호 2924.19.1150
유해 물질 데이터 75-12-7(Hazardous Substances Data)
독성 LD50 in mice, rats (g/kg): 4.6, 5.7 i.p. (Pham-Huu-Chanh)
기존화학 물질 KE-17231
중점관리물질 필터링 별표1-16
그림문자(GHS): GHS hazard pictograms
신호 어: Danger
유해·위험 문구:
암호 유해·위험 문구 위험 등급 범주 신호 어 그림 문자 P- 코드
H351 암을 일으킬 것으로 의심됨 (노출되어도 암을 일으키지 않는다는 결정적인 증거가 있는 노출경로가 있다면 노출경로 기재) 발암성 물질 구분 2 경고 P201, P202, P281, P308+P313, P405,P501
H373 장기간 또는 반복 노출되면 장기(또는, 영향을 받은 알려진 모든 장기를 명시)에 손상을 일으킬 수 있음 특정 표적장기 독성 - 반복 노출 구분 2 경고 P260, P314, P501
예방조치문구:
P202 모든 안전 조치 문구를 읽고 이해하기 전에는 취급하지 마시오.
P260 분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이를 흡입하지 마시오.
P280 보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.
P308+P313 노출 또는 접촉이 우려되면 의학적인 조치· 조언를 구하시오.
P405 밀봉하여 저장하시오.
P501 ...에 내용물 / 용기를 폐기 하시오.
NFPA 704
1
2 0

포름아미드 MSDS


Formamide

포름아미드 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

화학적 성질

Formamide is a colorless, viscous liquid. Faint ammonia-like odor.

용도

Formamide destabilizes nucleic acid duplexes and may be used, typically, at a concentration of 50%, in hybridization protocols requiring lower hybridization temperatures.

정의

ChEBI: The simplest monocarboxylic acid amide, obtained by formal condensation of formic acid with ammonia. The parent of the class of formaldehydes.

생산 방법

Formamide is produced commercially by two processes (Eberling 1980). In a direct synthesis, ammonia and carbon monoxide react at 100-300 atm and 80-100°C in methanolic sodium methoxide. In the second, a two-stage synthesis, carbon monoxide and methanol form methylformate in the presence of sodium methoxide. The methylformate is treated with liquid or gaseous ammonia at 2-6 atm and 80-100°C.

일반 설명

A colorless liquid with a faint odor of ammonia. Denser than water. Freezing point 36°F.

공기와 물의 반응

Hygroscopic. Water soluble.

반응 프로필

Formamide is incompatible with strong oxidizers, acids and bases. Sensitive to light. Reacts with water very slowly at room temperature, but rate is accelerated by acids and bases at elevated temperatures. Incompatible with iodine, pyridine and sulfur trioxide. Reacts explosively with furfuryl alcohol, H2O2, Tl(NO3)3.H2O, nitromethane and P2O5. An effective solvent: dissolves casein, glucose, tannins, starch, lignin, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate, nylon, the chlorides of copper, lead, zinc, tin, cobalt, iron, aluminum and nickel, the acetates of the alkali metals, some inorganic sulfates and nitrates. Attacks copper and brass .

위험도

Toxic material. Toxic by skin absorption.

건강위험

Formamide is moderately irritating to the skin and mucous membranes (Windholz 1983).

농업용

Fonnamide is an organic compound containing the amide group -CONH2. It is made from formic acid or its ester with ammonia. It is also made from ammonia and carbon monoxide.
Formamide is used in making liquid fertilizers for foliar application of nitrogen. For example, a mixture of formamide, urea and ammonium nitrate is used as a solution fertilizer and has a salt-out temperature of 0°C. It contains more than 35% nitrogen, unlike the aqueous formulations of urea, and ammonium nitrate, which have 32 % nitrogen.Formamide is a good solvent for many organic compounds.

공업 용도

Formamide is used in the large scale production of formic acid by reaction with inorganic acids, as an intermediate in the chemical industry, as a solvent in the processing of plastics, and as a solvent in felt-tip pens (Eberling 1980).

Safety Profile

Poison by skin contact and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion, intraperitoneal, and intramuscular routes. An irritant to skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Experimental teratogenic and reproductive effects. An eye irritant. Mutation data reported. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame; can react vigorously with oxidizing materials. Incompatible with 12, pyridine,SO3. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. Has exploded while in storage.

잠재적 노출

Formamide is a powerful solvent. It is also used as an intermediate in pharmaceutical manufacture.

환경귀착

If released to air, formamide will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere. Vapor-phase formamide will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals. The half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 8.0 days. If released to soil, formamide is expected to have very high mobility. Volatilization from moist soil surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process. If released into water, formamide is not expected to adsorb to suspended solids and sediment. Several biodegradation screening studies have observed significant biodegradation of formamide, which suggests that biodegradation may be important. Volatilization from water surfaces is not expected to be an important fate process based upon this compound’s estimated Henry’s law constant.

신진 대사

There are only very few reports on the metabolic fate of formamide in the literature. Halsey (1898) found that formamide gave rise to as much urinary formate in the dog as did formic acid, and assumed complete hydrolysis of the amide in vivo. In a study by Bray et al (1949) the hypothesis was tested that formamide undergoes metabolic hydrolysis in rabbits. Acidic substances were titrated after extraction by ether, before and after hydrolysis of urine samples. The ether-soluble acid determined in hydrolyzed urine was assumed to reflect the amount of formamide excreted unchanged. The difference between the amount of amide administered and the total amount excreted unchanged was considered to represent amide which was metabolically hydrolyzed. After administration of 2-4 g per rabbit orally, 39% of the dose was recovered unchanged using this method. When formamide was incubated with rabbit liver extracts or liver slices, only very little hydrolysis was detected by this method.

운송 방법

UN2810 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.

Purification Methods

Formamide is easily hydrolysed by acids and bases. It also reacts with peroxides, acid halides, acid anhydrides, esters and (on heating) alcohols, while strong dehydrating agents convert it to a nitrile. It is very hygroscopic. Commercial material often contains acids and ammonium formate. Vorhoek [J Am Chem Soc 58 2577 1956] added some bromothymol blue to formamide and then neutralised it with NaOH before heating to 80-90o under reduced pressure to distil off ammonia and water. The amide is again neutralised and the process is repeated until the liquid remained neutral on heating. Sodium formate is added, and the formamide is concentrated under reduced pressure at 80-90o. The distillate is again neutralised and redistilled. It is then fractionally crystallised in the absence of CO2 and water by partial freezing. Formamide (specific conductance 2 x 10-7 ohm-1 cm-1) of low water content is dried by passage through a column of 3A molecular sieves, then deionized by treatment with a mixed-bed ion-exchange resin loaded with H+ and HCONH-ions (using sodium formamide in formamide)[Notley & Spiro J Chem Soc (B) 362 1966]. [Beilstein 2 IV 45.]

비 호환성

Forms hydrocyanic acid with water solutions. Hygroscopic (absorbs moisture from air). Incompatible with nonoxidizing mineral acids; strong acids; ammonia, cresols, iodine, isocyanates, oleum, phenols, pyr idine, sulfur trioxide; oxidizers, iodine, pyridine. Formamide decomposes on heating @ 180℃ forming ammonia, water, carbon monoxide and hydrogen cyanide. Attacks metals, such as aluminum, iron, copper, brass, lead, and natural rubber. Thermal decomposition may release deadly hydrogen cyanide. Compounds of the carboxyl group react with all bases, both inorganic and organic (i.e., amines) releasing substantial heat, water and a salt that may be harmful. Incompatible with arsenic compounds (releases hydrogen cyanide gas), diazo compounds, dithio carbamates, isocyanates, mercaptans, nitrides, and sulfides (releasing heat, toxic and possibly flammable gases), thiosulfates and dithionites (releasing hydrogen sulfate and oxides of sulfur).

폐기물 처리

Dissolve in a combustible solvent and dispose by burning in a furnace equipped with an alkali scrubber for the exit gases.

포름아미드 준비 용품 및 원자재

원자재

준비 용품

5-(4-Phenyl-phenyl)thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one ,97% 5-METHYL-2-PYRROL-1-YL-THIOPHENE-3-CARBOXYLIC ACID Ivermectin 7-METHYLADENINE 6-ISO-PROPYL-3H-THIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4-ONE (4-OXO-6,7-DIHYDRO-4H,5H-CYCLOPENTA[4,5]THIENO-[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-3-YL)-ACETIC ACID 지도부딘 메틸티아졸(4-) PEPLOMYCIN 5-Ethyl-6-methylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one ,97% 1,2,3,5-TETRAHYDRO-8-THIA-5,7-DIAZA-CYCLOPENTA[A]INDENE-4-ONE 카펜스트롤 5,6-DIMETHYLTHIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4(3H)-ONE 4,5-디메틸티아졸 4-CHLORO-5,6-DIMETHYLTHIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDINE 5-(4-HEXYLOXY-[1,2,5]THIADIAZOL-3-YL)-1-METHYL-1,2,3,6-TETRAHYDRO-PYRIDINE 2-티오펜카복사마이드 5-(4-METHOXY-PHENYL)-3H-THIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4-ONE 6-PHENYL-3H-THIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4-ONE ETHYL 5-METHYL-4-OXO-3,4-DIHYDROTHIENO[2,3-D]-PYRIMIDINE-6-CARBOXYLATE 5-Ethoxy-4-methyloxazole 6-ethylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one 4-Amino-6-methoxypyrimidine 5,6,7,8-TETRAHYDRO-3H-BENZO[4,5]THIENO[2,3-D]-PYRIMIDIN-4-ONE 2,6-Dithiopurine 4-Methyl-5-thiazolylethyl acetate 2,6-PIPERAZINEDIONE, 4,4'-(1-METHYL-1,2-ETHANEDIYL)BIS- Cefodizime 2,4-Dimethoxybenzylamine VESNARINONE 6-METHYL-3H-THIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4-ONE 4-CHLORO-8-FLUORO-5H-PYRIMIDO[5,4-B]INDOLE 6-TERT-BUTYL-3H-THIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDIN-4-ONE 3,5-DIMETHYL-3H-IMIDAZOLE-4-CARBOXYLIC ACID ETHYL ESTER alpha-d-Glucopyranoside, beta-d-fructofuranosyl, octadecanoate 6-Iodoquinazolin-4-one 3,4-DIHYDRO-4-OXOQUINAZOLINE-7-CARBOXYLIC ACID methyl 3,4-dihydro-4-oxoquinazoline-7-carboxylate 디에틸스틸베스트롤 5-METHYL-4-OXO-3,4-DIHYDRO-THIENO[2,3-D]PYRIMIDINE-6-CARBOXYLIC ACID

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