Triacetin Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
FARBLOSE, öLIGE FLüSSIGKEIT
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Reagiert mit starken Oxidationsmitteln.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt.
MAK nicht festgelegt.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20°C tritt eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft nicht oder nur sehr langsam ein.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt schwach die Haut.
LECKAGE
Ausgelaufene Flüssigkeit in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln. Reste mit Sand oder inertem Absorptionsmittel aufnehmen und an einen sicheren Ort bringen.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S23:Gas/Rauch/Dampf/Aerosol nicht einatmen(geeignete Bezeichnung(en) vom Hersteller anzugeben).
S24/25:Berührung mit den Augen und der Haut vermeiden.
Aussehen Eigenschaften
C9H14O6; Triacetin, 1,2-Propantriol-triacetat. Farblose Flüssigkeit mit ranzigem Geruch.
Gefahren für Mensch und Umwelt
Kann mit Luft explosionsfähige Gemische bilden. Brennbar.
Reizt Haut und Augen.
LD
50 (oral, Ratte): 3000 mg/kg
Schutzmaßnahmen und Verhaltensregeln
Geeignete Schutzhandschuhe als kurzzeitiger Spritzschutz.
Verhalten im Gefahrfall
Mit flüssigkeitsbindendem Material, z.B. Rench Rapid aufnehmen. Der Entsorgung zuführen. Mit Wasser nachreinigen.
Kohlendioxid, Wasser, Pulver.
Brennbar. Mit Luft Bildung explosionsfähiger Gemische möglich.
Erste Hilfe
Nach Hautkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser abspülen.
Nach Augenkontakt: Mit reichlich Wasser bei geöffnetem Lidspalt mindestens 10 Minuten ausspülen. Augenarzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Einatmen: Frischluft.
Nach Verschlucken: Reichlich Wasser trinken lassen. Erbrechen auslösen. Arzt hinzuziehen.
Nach Kleidungskontakt: Kontaminierte Kleidung entfernen.
Ersthelfer: siehe gesonderten Anschlag
Sachgerechte Entsorgung
Als halogenfreie, organische Lösemittelabfälle.
Beschreibung
§ 184.1901(a) Triacetin (C8H14O6), also known as 1,2,3-propanetriol
triacetate or glyceryl triacetate, is the triester of glycerin and acetic
acid. Triacetin can be prepared by heating glycerin with acetic
anhydride alone or in the presence of finely divided potassium
hydrogen sulfate. It can also be prepared by the reaction of oxygen
with a liquid-phase mixture of allyl acetate and acetic acid using
a bromide salt as a catalyst.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Triacetin is a colorless, viscous liquid with a slightly fatty odor.
Occurrence
Reported found in papaya.
Verwenden
As fixative in perfumery; solvent in manufacture of celluloid, photographic films. Technical triacetin (a mixture of mono-, di-, and small quantities of triacetin) as a solvent for basic dyes, particularly indulines, and tannin in dyeing.
Definition
ChEBI: A triglyceride obtained by acetylation of the three hydroxy groups of glycerol. It has fungistatic properties (based on release of acetic acid) and has been used in the topical treatment of minor dermatophyte infections.
synthetische
By direct reaction of glycerol with acetic acid in the presence of Twitchell’s reagent, or in benzene solution of glycerol and
boiling acetic acid in the presence of a cationic resin (Zeo-Karb H) pretreated with dilute H2SO4.
Vorbereitung Methode
Triacetin is prepared by the esterification of glycerin with acetic
anhydride.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Triacetin is a triester of glycerin and acetic acid that occurs naturally in papaya. It is mainly used as a synthetic flavoring agent in ice-creams, nonalcoholic beverages and baked goods.
Pharmazeutische Anwendungen
Triacetin is mainly used as a hydrophilic plasticizer in both aqueous
and solvent-based polymeric coating of capsules, tablets, beads, and
granules; typical concentrations used are 10–35% w/w.
Triacetin is used in cosmetics, perfumery, and foods as a solvent
and as a fixative in the formulation of perfumes and flavors.
Kontakt-Allergie
Triacetin is a component of cigarette filters, which
induced a contact dermatitis in a worker at a cigarette
manufactory.
Clinical Use
Glyceryl triacetate (Enzactin, Fungacetin) is a colorless, oilyliquid with a slight odor and a bitter taste. The compound issoluble in water and miscible with alcohol and most organicsolvents.
The activity of triacetin is a result of the acetic acid releasedby hydrolysis of the compound by esterases presentin the skin. Acid release is a self-limiting process becausethe esterases are inhibited below pH 4.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by ingestion.
Moderately toxic by intraperitoneal,
subcutaneous, and intravenous routes. An
eye irritant. Combustible when exposed to
heat, flame, or powerful oxidizers. To fight
fire, use alcohol foam, water, CO2, dry
chemical. When heated to decomposition it
emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes.
Sicherheit(Safety)
Triacetin is used in oral pharmaceutical formulations and is
generally regarded as a relatively nontoxic and nonirritant material
at the levels employed as an excipient.
LD50 (dog, IV): 1.5 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IP): 1.4 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, IV): 1.6 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, oral): 1.1 g/kg
LD50 (mouse, SC): 2.3 g/kg
LD50 (rabbit, IV): 0.75 g/kg
LD50 (rat, IP): 2.1 g/kg
LD50 (rat, oral): 3 g/kg
LD50 (rat, SC): 2.8 g/kg
in vitro
Litton Bionetics, Inc. (1976) evaluated the mutagenic potential of Triacetin in a plate test using Salmonella typhimurium
strains TA1535, TA1537, and TA1538 with and without metabolic activation. Test concentrations were 0.0013%, 0.00065%,
and 0.000325% and the solvent was dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO).
A negative control (solvent) and appropriate positive controls
were used and gave expected results. Triacetin was not mutagenic with or without metabolic activation.
Unichema Chemie B.V. (1994) reported that Triacetin was
not mutagenic at 50 to 5000 μg/plate in an Ames test using S.
typhimurium strains TA1535, TA1537, TA98, and TA100 with
and without metabolic activation.
Lager
Triacetin is stable and should be stored in a well-closed, nonmetallic
container, in a cool, dry place.
Inkompatibilitäten
Triacetin is incompatible with metals and may react with oxidizing
agents. Triacetin may destroy rayon fabric.
Regulatory Status
GRAS listed. Accepted in Europe as a food additive in certain
applications. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database
(oral capsules and tablets and gels). Included in nonparenteral
medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of
Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.
Triacetin Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
