Carbaryl (ISO) Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
GERUCHLOSE WEISSE KRISTALLE ODER FESTSTOFF IN VERSCHIEDENEN FORMEN.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Zersetzung beim Erhitzen oder Verbrennen unter Bildung giftiger Rauche mit Stickstoffoxiden. Reagiert sehr heftig mit starken Oxidationsmitteln unter Feuer- und Explosionsgefahr.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: 5 mg/m?(als TWA); Krebskategorie A4 (nicht klassifizierbar als krebserzeugend für den Menschen); (ACGIH 2005).
MAK: 5 mg/m? (Einatembare Fraktion); Spitzenbegrenzung: überschreitungsfaktor: II(4); Hautresorption; (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols, über die Haut und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Beim Verdampfen bei 20 °C tritt eine gesundheitsschädliche Kontamination der Luft nicht oder nur sehr langsam ein; beim Versprühen und Dispergieren jedoch sehr viel schneller.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen und die Haut. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf das Nervensystem mit nachfolgenden Krämpfen und Atemdepression. Cholinesterasehemmer. Die Auswirkungen treten u.U. verzögert ein. ärztliche Beobachtung notwendig.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Cholinesterasehemmer. Kumulative Effekte möglich, s. AKUTE GEFAHREN/SYMPTOME. Möglicherweise krebserzeugend für den Menschen.
LECKAGE
Verschüttetes Material in abdichtbaren Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen. NICHT in die Umwelt gelangen lassen. Zündquellen entfernen. Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P2-Filter für schädliche Partikel.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
R50:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen.
R67:Dämpfe können Schläfrigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.
R65:Gesundheitsschädlich: kann beim Verschlucken Lungenschäden verursachen.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R38:Reizt die Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
S24:Berührung mit der Haut vermeiden.
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S46:Bei Verschlucken sofort ärztlichen Rat einholen und Verpackung oder Etikett vorzeigen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S2:Darf nicht in die Hände von Kindern gelangen.
S62:Bei Verschlucken kein Erbrechen herbeiführen. Sofort ärztlichen Rat einholen und Verpackung oder dieses Etikett vorzeigen.
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Behälter sind als gefährlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
Beschreibung
Carbaryl is a colourless to light tan or white or grey solid crystal depending on the purity of
the compound. The crystals are essentially odourless and stable to heat, light, and acids but
are not stable under alkaline conditions. It is non-corrosive to metals, packaging materials,
and application equipment. Carbaryl is classified as a general use pesticide (GUP). It is
sparingly soluble in water, but soluble in dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, acetone,
cyclohexanone, isopropanol, and xylene. Carbaryl is a wide-spectrum carbamate insecticide,
which controls over 100 species of insects on citrus, fruit, cotton, forests, lawns, nuts,
ornamentals, shade trees, and other crops, as well as on poultry, livestock, and pets. It is
also used as a molluscicide and an acaricide. Carbaryl works whether it is ingested into
the stomach of the pest or absorbed through direct contact. It is available as bait, dusts,
wettable powders, granules, dispersions, and suspensions.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Carbaryl is a colorless to light tan or white or gray, solid crystals depending on the purity of
the compound. The crystals are essentially odorless, and stable to heat, light, and acids, but
are not stable under alkaline conditions. It is non-corrosive to metals, packaging materials,
and application equipment. Carbaryl is classifi ed as a GUP. It is sparingly soluble in water,
but soluble in dimethylformamide, DMSO, acetone, cyclohexanone, isopropanol, and xylene.
Carbaryl is a wide-spectrum carbamate insecticide that controls over 100 species of insects
on citrus, fruit, cotton, forests, lawns, nuts, ornamentals, shade trees, and other crops, as well
as on poultry, livestock, and pets. It is also used as a molluscicide and an acaricide. Carbaryl
works whether it is ingested into the stomach of the pest or absorbed through direct contact.
It is available as bait, dusts, wettable powders, granules, dispersions, and suspensions
Physikalische Eigenschaften
White to light tan crystals with a bleach-like type odor. At 40 °C, the average odor threshold
concentration and the lowest concentration at which an odor was detected were 280 and 37 μg/L,
respectively. At 25 °C, the average taste threshold concentration and the lowest concentration at
which a taste was detected were 140 and 44 μg/L, respectively (Young et al., 1996).
Verwenden
Carbaryl is a pesticide, an insecticide of the carbamate
group. It induced sensitization in a farmer.
Indications
Carbaryl (Sevin), a cholinesterase inhibitor insecticide, is used as a pediculicide
in the form of a shampoo. This product has an objectionable odor, but has some
ovicidal activity. It is an effective medication available in England and some
other countries but not in the United States.
Definition
ChEBI: A carbamate ester obtained by the formal condensation of 1-naphthol with methylcarbamic acid.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
A white crystalline solid. Insoluble in water. Combustible, although difficult to ignite. Toxic by inhalation (dust, etc.). Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Slightly soluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Carbaryl is a carbamate ester. Carbamates are chemically similar to, but more reactive than amides. Like amides they form polymers such as polyurethane resins. Carbamates are incompatible with strong acids and bases, and especially incompatible with strong reducing agents such as hydrides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen is produced by the combination of active metals or nitrides with carbamates. Strongly oxidizing acids, peroxides, and hydroperoxides are incompatible with carbamates. Carbaryl is unstable in an alkaline media. . Carbaryl is incompatible with the following: Strong oxidizers, strongly alkaline pesticides .
Hazard
Toxic by ingestion, inhalation, and skin
absorption; irritant. A reversible cholinesterase
inhibitor. Use may be restricted. Questionable car-
cinogen. Male reproductive and embryo damage.
Health Hazard
Acute oral toxicity — moderate in rats; dermal toxicity low to very low; oral LD50 value(rats); 250 mg/kg, skin LD50 value (rats);4000 mg/kg; toxic symptoms in humans —nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal cramps,miosis, lachrimation, excessive salivation,nasal discharge, sweating, cyanosis, muscletwitching, convulsions, and coma; acetylcholinesterase inhibitor; exposure limit: TLVTWA 5 mg/m
3 (ACGIH, OSHA, and MSHA).
The poisoning effects from carbaryl takeplace very quickly, but lasts only for a shorttime. It is readily hydrolyzed to 1-naphtholwhich is excreted. Although its toxicity inhumans is relatively low, the compound canproduce strong effect on bees and aquaticspecies even in small quantities.
Brandgefahr
Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways.
Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung
Insecticide, Nematicide, Plant growth regulator: Carbaryl is one of the most widely used insecticides in agriculture, professional turf management and ornamental production, as well as in residential pet, lawn, and garden markets. It controls over 100 species of insects that infect citrus, cotton, nuts, and forest and ornaments trees, as well as poultry and livestock. Carbaryl also is used as a mosquito adulticide. It is available in a variety of formulations bait, dust, wettable powders, granules, dispersions and suspensions. Washington State, for example, has a Special Local Needs registration to control burrowing shrimp in oyster beds. A U.S. EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP). Banned for use in EU countries.
Handelsname
ADIOS®; ARILAT®; ARILATE®; ARYLAM®; BERCEMA NMC50®; BUGMASTER®[C]; CAPROLIN®; CARBAMEC®; CARBAMINE®; CARBATOX®; CARBAVUR®; CARBOMATE®; CARPOLIN®; COMPOUND 7744®; CARYLDERM®; CRAG SEVIN®; CRUNCH®; DENAPON®; DICARBAM®; DYNA-CARBYL®; EXPERIMENTAL INSECTICIDE 7744®; GAMONIL®; GERMAIN'S®; HEXAVIN®; KARBASPRAY®; KARBATOX®; KARBOSEP®; MENAPHAM®; MICROCARB®; MUGAN®; MURVIN®; NAC®; NMC® 50; OMS29®; OMS 629®; OLTITOX®; PANAM®; POMEX®; PROSEVOR® 85; RAVYON®; SAVIT®[C]; SEPTENE®; SEFFEIN®; SEVIMOL®; SEVIN®; SEWIN®; SOK®; TERCYL®; THINSEC®; TORNADO®; TRICAR®; UNION CARBIDE 7,744®; VIOXAN®
Kontakt-Allergie
Carbaryl is a pesticide and insecticide of the carbonate
group. It induced sensitization in a farmer.
Sicherheitsprofil
Poison by ingestion,
intravenous, intraperitoneal, and possibly
other routes. Human systemic effects by
ingestion: sensory change involving
peripheral nerves and muscle weakness.
Experimental teratogenic and reproductive
effects. Questionable carcinogen with
experimental carcinogenic and tumorigenic
data. Human mutation data reported. An eye
and severe skin irritant. Absorbed by all
routes, although skin absorption is slow. No
accumulation in tissue. Symptoms include
blurred vision, headache, stomachache,
vomiting. Symptoms sirmlar to but less
severe than those due to parathion. A
reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. See also
CARBAMATES and ESTERS. When
heated to decomposition it emits toxic
fumes of NOx
mögliche Exposition
Carbaryl is a white or grayish, odorless,
crystalline solid; or various other forms including liquid
and paste. Molecular weight 5 201.24; boiling point 5
(decomposes below BP); freezing/melting point 5 142C;
vapor pressure 5, 4 3 1025 mmHg @ 25C; flash
point 5B200C. Hazard identification (based on NFPA-
704 M Rating System): Health 3, flammability 1, reactivity
0. Practically insoluble in water; solubility 5 0.02 g/L @
30C
Carcinogenicity
Carbaryl is not considered to be
genotoxic.
Stoffwechselwegen
The metabolism of carbaryl has been extensively reviewed many times
and so original research papers are not generally quoted. Pathways for
carbaryl include hydroxylation of the aromatic ring and the methyl group,
carbamate ester hydrolysis and conjugation. The metabolism of carbaryl
has been extensively reviewed by Schlagbauer and Schlagbauer (1972),
Fukuto (1972), Kuhr and Dorough (1976), Mount and Oehme (1981) and
by the WHO (1994). Metabolism in man was reviewed by Hutson (1981)
and in economic animals by Akhtar (1985).
Stoffwechsel
Carbaryl undergoes hydrolysis and
ring oxidation in soils. The major metabolite in a number
of studies was 1-naphthol. Metabolites also included
4-hydroxycarbaryl and 5-hydroxycarbaryl. In mammals,
the major metabolite is 1-naphthol. This is eliminated in urine and feces, together with the glucuronic acid conjugate.
Aromatic ring hydroxylation at the 3-, 4-, 5-, or 6-
positions also occurs as does hydroxylation at the N-methyl
group.
Versand/Shipping
UN2757 Carbamate pesticides, solid, toxic,
Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials. UN
2811 Toxic solids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard Class: 6.1;
Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required
Inkompatibilitäten
Contact with strong oxidizers can cause
fire and explosions.
Waste disposal
Dissolve or mix the material
with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber. All federal,
state, and local environmental regulations must be
observed. Submit to alkaline hydrolysis before disposal.
Carbaryl (ISO) Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
