Alachlor (ISO) Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
GERUCHLOSER, FARBLOSER BIS CREMEFARBENER, KRISTALLINER FESTSTOFF.
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Staubexplosion der pulverisierten oder granulierten Substanz in Gemischen mit Luft möglich.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Beim Verbrennen Bildung giftiger Gase (Kohlenmonoxid, s. ICSC 0023), Stickstoffoxide, Chlorwasserstoff (s. ICSC 0163).
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV: Beabsichtigte änderung: (1 mg/m? einatembar. & Dampf, sensibilisierend, A2 (krebsverdächtig)) (ACGIH 2005).
MAK nicht festgelegt (DFG 2005).
AUFNAHMEWEGE
Aufnahme in den Körper durch Inhalation des Aerosols und durch Verschlucken.
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Verdampfung bei 20°C vernachlässigbar; eine gesundheitsschädliche Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann jedoch beim Versprühen oder Dispergieren schnell erreicht werden, vor allem als Pulver.
WIRKUNGEN NACH WIEDERHOLTER ODER LANGZEITEXPOSITION
Wiederholter oder andauernder Kontakt kann zu Hautsensibilisierung führen. Möglich sind Auswirkungen auf die Leber. Möglicherweise krebserzeugend für den Menschen.
LECKAGE
NICHT in die Kanalisation spülen. Verschüttetes Material aufsaugen. Reste sorgfältig sammeln. An sicheren Ort bringen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
R40:Verdacht auf krebserzeugende Wirkung.
R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt möglich.
R50/53:Sehr giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R67:Dämpfe können Schläfrigkeit und Benommenheit verursachen.
R65:Gesundheitsschädlich: kann beim Verschlucken Lungenschäden verursachen.
R38:Reizt die Haut.
R11:Leichtentzündlich.
R52/53:Schädlich für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
R39/23/24/25:Giftig: ernste Gefahr irreversiblen Schadens durch Einatmen, Berührung mit der Haut und durch Verschlucken.
R23/24/25:Giftig beim Einatmen, Verschlucken und Berührung mit der Haut.
R51/53:Giftig für Wasserorganismen, kann in Gewässern längerfristig schädliche Wirkungen haben.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.
S46:Bei Verschlucken sofort ärztlichen Rat einholen und Verpackung oder Etikett vorzeigen.
S60:Dieses Produkt und sein Behälter sind als gefährlicher Abfall zu entsorgen.
S61:Freisetzung in die Umwelt vermeiden. Besondere Anweisungen einholen/Sicherheitsdatenblatt zu Rate ziehen.
S62:Bei Verschlucken kein Erbrechen herbeiführen. Sofort ärztlichen Rat einholen und Verpackung oder dieses Etikett vorzeigen.
S45:Bei Unfall oder Unwohlsein sofort Arzt zuziehen (wenn möglich, dieses Etikett vorzeigen).
Beschreibung
Alachlor is a herbicide. Occupational contact dermatitis
was rarely observed in agricultural workers.
Chemische Eigenschaften
Alachlor is a colorless to yellow crystal chemical substance. It is soluble in most organic solvents, but sparingly in water. Alachlor is an RUP, therefore it should be purchased and used only by certified, trained workers and plant protection applicators. The US EPA categorizes it as toxicity class III, meaning slightly toxic. However, alachlor products bear the signal word danger on their labels because of their potential to cause cancer in laboratory animals. Alachlor is an aniline herbicide used to control annual grasses and broadleaf weeds in field corn, soybeans, and peanuts. It is a selective systemic herbicide, absorbed by germinating shoots and roots. It works by interfering with a plant's ability to produce protein and by interfering with root elongation. Alachlor has extensive use as a herbicide in the United States. It is available as granules or emulsifiable concentrate.
Verwenden
Alachlor is used pre- or early post-emergence to control annual grasses and many broadleaved weeds mainly in maize, but also in cotton, brassicas, oilseed rape, peanuts, radish, soy beans, and sugar-cane.
Definition
ChEBI: An aromatic amide that is N-(2,6-diethylphenyl)acetamide substituted by a methoxymethyl group at at the nitrogen atom while one of the hydrogens of the methyl group has been replaced by a chlorine atom.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Crystalline solid. Melting point 104-106°F (40-41°C). Used as a herbicide.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Hydrolyzes under strongly acidic and strongly basic conditions.
Reaktivität anzeigen
A halogenated acetamide. Organic amides/imides react with azo and diazo compounds to generate toxic gases. Flammable gases are formed by the reaction of organic amides/imides with strong reducing agents. Amides are very weak bases (weaker than water). Imides are less basic yet and in fact react with strong bases to form salts. That is, they can react as acids. Mixing amides with dehydrating agents such as P2O5 or SOCl2 generates the corresponding nitrile. The combustion of these compounds generates mixed oxides of nitrogen (NOx).
Health Hazard
Alachlor is a slightly toxic herbicide. It causes slight to moderate degrees of skin irritation.
While a 90-day study on laboratory rats and dogs given diets containing low to moderate
amounts of alachlor (1–100 mg/kg/day) showed no adverse effects, a 1-year study indicated
that at a dose above 1 mg/kg/day, alachlor causes damage in the liver, spleen, and
kidney.
Landwirtschaftliche Anwendung
Herbicide: A pre-emergence herbicide for corn, soybeans, and
peanuts, and other field crops. It is a selective systemic
herbicide, absorbed by germinating shoots and by roots. It
works by interfering with a plant's ability to produce protein and by interfering with root elongation. It is available
as granules or emulsifiable concentrate. Alachlor is used
in mixed formulations with atrazine, glyphosate, trifluralin, and imaquin. Not approved for use in the EU. A U.S.
EPA restricted Use Pesticide (RUP).
Handelsname
AGIMIX® Araclor; ALAGAM®;
ALAGAN®; ALANEX®; ALAPAZ®, suspended;
ALAZINE®; ALATOX 480®; ALCLOR 48 LE®;
CHIMICHLOR®; LARIAT®; LASAGRIN®;
LASSAGRIN®; LASSO®; LASSO MICRO-TECH®;
METACHLOR®; PARTNER® Arachlor; PILLARZO®;
SANACHLOR®
Kontakt-Allergie
Alachlor is a herbicide. Occupational contact dermatitis was rarely observed in agricultural workers.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by
ingestion, skin contact, and possibly other
routes. Questionable carcinogen with
experimental carcinogenic data. Human
mutation data reported. When heated to
decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of
Cland NOx.
mögliche Exposition
A chloracetanilide herbicide. In manufacture, formulation and application of this preemergence herbicide, personnel may be exposed. Its major use (99%) is as a preemergence herbicide for field crops (corn, soybeans, and peanuts, etc.).
Environmental Fate
Alachlor dissipates from soil mainly through volatilization, photodegradation, and biodegradation. Many metabolites have been identified; diethylaniline, detected in some soil studies, interacts rapidly with humic substances in the soil. A half-life in soil of 7-38 days has been reported. Under certain conditions, alachlor can leach beyond the root zone and migrate to groundwater.
Versand/Shipping
UN2588 Pesticides, solid, toxic, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical Name Required.
Inkompatibilitäten
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Corrosive to iron and steel.
Waste disposal
This compound is hydrolyzed under strongly acid or alkaline conditions, to chloroacetic acid, methanol, formaldehyde and 2,6-diethylanilne. Incineration is recommended as a disposal procedure. Techniques for alachlor removal from potable water have been reviewed by EPA but the data revealed no superior method. Improper disposal of pesticides is a violation of federal law. Dispose In accordance with 40CFR165, follow recommendations for the disposal of pesticides and pesticide containers.
Alachlor (ISO) Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
