Sulfamethoxazol Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
R43:Sensibilisierung durch Hautkontakt möglich.
R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S36/37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung,Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
Beschreibung
Like sulfisoxazole, this drug is effective in treating infections caused by streptococci,
gonococci, pneumococci, staphylococci as well as colon bacillus. Unlike sulfisoxazole,
only about 70% of it binds with proteins in the plasma after oral administration, and it
diffuses mostly to tissues and tissue fluids. However, since it is removed much slower
than sulfisoxazole, it does not require frequent administration and is also the drug of
choice for many systemic infections. Moreover, it is an ingredient of a combined drug
named bactrim, biseptol, and so on (which will be examined later on), which has a fixed
correlation with trimethoprim. Synonyms of this drug are gantanol, sinomin, sulfisomezole,
and others.
Chemische Eigenschaften
solid
Definition
ChEBI: An isoxazole (1,2-oxazole) compound having a methyl substituent at the 5-position and a 4-aminobenzenesulfonamido group at the 3-position.
Antimicrobial activity
The intrinsic activity is similar to that of sulfadiazine.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Sulfamethoxazole’s plasma half-life is 11 hours. Sulfamethoxazole is a sulfonamide drug closely relatedto sulfisoxazole in chemical structure and antimicrobial activity.It occurs as a tasteless, odorless, almost white crystallinepowder. The solubility of sulfamethoxazole in the pHrange of 5.5 to 7.4 is slightly lower than that of sulfisoxazole but higher than that of sulfadiazine, sulfamerazine, or sulfamethazine.Following oral administration, sulfamethoxazole is notabsorbed as completely or as rapidly as sulfisoxazole, andits peak blood level is only about 50% as high.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water.
Brandgefahr
Flash point data for Sulfamethoxazole are not available but Sulfamethoxazole is probably non-flammable.
Pharmazeutische Anwendungen
This is the sulfonamide component of co-trimoxazole.
It is slightly soluble in water.
Pharmakokinetik
Oral absorption： 85%
C
max 800 mg oral： c.50 mg/L after 3–6 h
Plasma half-life： 6–20 h
Volume of distribution： 12–18 L
Plasma protein binding： 65%
Penetration of extravascular sites, including the CSF, is good.
It crosses the placenta and achieves levels in breast milk of
about 10% of the simultaneous plasma concentration. It is
extensively metabolized, but about 30% of the dose is excreted
unchanged in urine so that high concentrations are achieved.
Clinical Use
Sulfamethoxazole is used only in combination with the
diaminopyrimidine trimethoprim.
Nebenwirkungen
Unwanted effects are those common to sulfonamides. In addition,
benign intracranial hypertension has been reported in
children. Most side effects of co-trimoxazole are thought to
be attributable to the sulfonamide component.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of NOx and SOx.
Sulfamethoxazol Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
