Organic reagents

From early AD to mid-19 century, people mainly use the natural organic substance (such as animal and plant extracts) for qualitative analysis or quantitative analysis. From the second half of the 19th century to the 1920s, it had begun to appear of artificially synthetic organic reagent such as using potassium acetate xanthan for test of nickel, copper, and molybdenum; using morin for test of aluminum; using diazo coupling reaction for the detection of Nitrite; using α-β-nitroso naphthol for detection of cobalt; using dimethyglyoxime for nickel test.

After the proposal of the special-effects group in the 1930s and the proposal of theoretical analysis of functional groups theory in 1950s, people had carried out large-scale screen of organic reagents in search of special-effects analysis groups for different ions and had successfully synthesized a lot of agents of practical value (such as copper reagents, new copper agent, cadmium reagents, beryllium reagent, thorium reagents, etc.). Before the 1950s, the complex compound, in analytic chemistry, is mainly used in the aspects of the precipitation reaction of a binary chelate for the qualitative detection, precipitate isolation and gravimetric separation and other aspects. In the early 1950s and 1960, it is mainly in the form of complexometric titration. From the beginning of the late 1960s, the main focus has been moved to the photometric analysis. Meanwhile, it has been also developed of chelate organic solvent extraction.

8-hydroxy quinoline, hydrazones, oximes, hydroxamic acids, polyphenols, 1, 10-phenanthroline, phosphorus-oxygen extractant, β- diketones, triphenylmethane acid dye, xanthene dyes and azo dyes and other agents has all been widely studied and applied. On the other hand, the structural theoretical research (such as electronic effects, spatial effects and substituent effects) of the organic reagent can further facilitate the development of new-type organic reagents such as heterocyclic azo reagent. During this period, it has been also developed of monoazo chromotropic acid-type and disazo chromotropic acid-type reagent. During the mid-1970s, the chelating resin and adsorbents have achieved rapid development. Since the 1980s, Chinese researchers of analytical chemistry have made progress in the field of the synthesis and application of asymmetric disazo chromotropic acid.

Organic chemical reagents have wide application in analytic chemistry and are mainly used in solvents, precipitation agents, complexing agents, indicator, coloring reagent and surface active agent, etc. In order to adapt to a variety of analytical needs, sometimes it is required to purify certain reagents. For example, liquid organic reagent is often purified by distillation while solid substance is often purified through crystallization and sublimation. Substance having a high vapor pressure, namely having low purification boiling point and undergoing no decomposition under boiling temperature commonly applied atmospheric distillation; for less volatile and water-insoluble substance, namely having high purification point or undergoing decomposition under boiling temperature, we can apply vacuum distillation or steam distillation for purification of it.

Distillation is a commonly used method for laboratory purification of organic reagent. Conventional distillation apparatus generally comprises distiller, condenser and receiver, three parts with auxiliary section also containing heater, a thermometer, a wetted tube and cork.

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Structure Chemical Name CAS MF
2,4,6-TRIISOPROPYLBENZENESULFONYL HYDRAZIDE 2,4,6-TRIISOPROPYLBENZENESULFONYL HYDRAZIDE 39085-59-1 C15H26N2O2S
2-Chloro-4-bromobenzaldehyde 2-Chloro-4-bromobenzaldehyde 158435-41-7 C7H4BrClO
Decane Decane 124-18-5 C10H22
2,4-Diaminotoluene 2,4-Diaminotoluene 95-80-7 C7H10N2
(1R)-3-Chloro-1-phenyl-propan-1-ol (1R)-3-Chloro-1-phenyl-propan-1-ol 100306-33-0 C9H11ClO
4-Chlorobenzenamine hydrochloride 4-Chlorobenzenamine hydrochloride 20265-96-7 C6H7Cl2N
2-Isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane 2-Isopropoxy-4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane 61676-62-8 C9H19BO3
2-Bromo-5-fluorobenzyl bromide 2-Bromo-5-fluorobenzyl bromide 112399-50-5 C7H5Br2F
Pentane Pentane 109-66-0 C5H12
3,4-Difluorobenzoyl chloride 3,4-Difluorobenzoyl chloride 76903-88-3 C7H3ClF2O
(1S,2S)-(+)-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane (1S,2S)-(+)-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane 21436-03-3 C6H14N2
N-Boc-2-pyrroleboronic acid N-Boc-2-pyrroleboronic acid 135884-31-0 C9H14BNO4
4-Pyrazoleboronic acid pinacol ester 4-Pyrazoleboronic acid pinacol ester 269410-08-4 C9H15BN2O2
2-[(Diphenylmethyl)thio]acetamide 2-[(Diphenylmethyl)thio]acetamide 68524-30-1 C15H15NOS
Tetramethylbenzidine Tetramethylbenzidine 54827-17-7 C16H20N2
3-Fluoro-4-formylphenylboronic acid 3-Fluoro-4-formylphenylboronic acid 248270-25-9 C7H6BFO3
2-(3-Benzoylphenyl)propionitrile 2-(3-Benzoylphenyl)propionitrile 42872-30-0 C16H13NO
N-HEXADECANE-D34 N-HEXADECANE-D34 544-76-3 C16H34
1-(2,6-Difluorophenyl)ethan-1-one 1-(2,6-Difluorophenyl)ethan-1-one 13670-99-0 C8H6F2O
3-Methyl-benzoylhydrazide 3-Methyl-benzoylhydrazide 13050-47-0 C8H10N2O
2,2-Dimethylbutyryl chloride 2,2-Dimethylbutyryl chloride 5856-77-9 C6H11ClO
3',4'-DIFLUOROPROPIOPHENONE 3',4'-DIFLUOROPROPIOPHENONE 23384-72-7 C9H8F2O
(S)-(+)-2-Phenylpropionic acid (S)-(+)-2-Phenylpropionic acid 7782-24-3 C9H10O2
3-Hydroxy-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid 3-Hydroxy-2,4,5-trifluorobenzoic acid 116751-24-7 C7H3F3O3
1,8-Dihydroxynaphthylene-3,6-disulfonic acid 1,8-Dihydroxynaphthylene-3,6-disulfonic acid 148-25-4 C10H8O8S2
2-Chloro-3-methylbenzoic acid 2-Chloro-3-methylbenzoic acid 15068-35-6 C8H7ClO2
3-AMINO-3-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)PROPIONIC ACID 3-AMINO-3-(4-CHLOROPHENYL)PROPIONIC ACID 19947-39-8 C9H10ClNO2
3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde 3,5-Di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde 1620-98-0 C15H22O2
Methyl 2-bromomethylbenzoate Methyl 2-bromomethylbenzoate 2417-73-4 C9H9BrO2
4-AMINOMETHYLPHENYLBORONIC ACID HYDROCHLORIDE 4-AMINOMETHYLPHENYLBORONIC ACID HYDROCHLORIDE 75705-21-4 C7H11BClNO2
2-BROMO-4-TERT-BUTYLPHENOL 2-BROMO-4-TERT-BUTYLPHENOL 2198-66-5 C10H13BrO
Agmatine sulfate Agmatine sulfate 2482-00-0 C5H16N4O4S
2-Acetamido-4-methylphenol 2-Acetamido-4-methylphenol 6375-17-3 C9H11NO2
4-(Aminomethyl)benzonitrile hydrochloride 4-(Aminomethyl)benzonitrile hydrochloride 15996-76-6 C8H9ClN2
O-Tolidine O-Tolidine 119-93-7 C14H16N2
1,5-Diaminopentane 1,5-Diaminopentane 462-94-2 C5H14N2
4-(4-Fluorobenzoyl)butyric acid 4-(4-Fluorobenzoyl)butyric acid 149437-76-3 C11H11FO3
2-BROMO-5-CHLOROANISOLE 2-BROMO-5-CHLOROANISOLE 174913-09-8 C7H6BrClO
N-[4-Cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)thio]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionamide N-[4-Cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-[(4-fluorophenyl)thio]-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionamide 90356-78-8 C18H14F4N2O2S
3-Amino-3-(4-methylphenyl)propionic acid 3-Amino-3-(4-methylphenyl)propionic acid 68208-18-4 C10H13NO2
4-(Trifluoromethyl)-2'-biphenylcarboxylic acid 4-(Trifluoromethyl)-2'-biphenylcarboxylic acid 84392-17-6 C14H9F3O2
4-Chloro-3-methoxyaniline 4-Chloro-3-methoxyaniline 13726-14-2 C7H8ClNO
O-Benzylhydroxylamine hydrochloride O-Benzylhydroxylamine hydrochloride 2687-43-6 C7H10ClNO
Phenylhydrazine sulfate Phenylhydrazine sulfate 52033-74-6 C6H10N2O4S
5-Fluoro-2-methylbenzaldehyde 5-Fluoro-2-methylbenzaldehyde 22062-53-9 C8H7FO
2-Bromo-5-methoxybenzaldehyde 2-Bromo-5-methoxybenzaldehyde 7507-86-0 C8H7BrO2
5-Bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)aniline 5-Bromo-2-(trifluoromethyl)aniline 703-91-3 C7H5BrF3N
4-(N,N-DIETHYLAMINOCARBONYL)PHENYLBORONIC ACID 4-(N,N-DIETHYLAMINOCARBONYL)PHENYLBORONIC ACID 389621-80-1 C11H16BNO3
4-Bromo-2-methylphenol 4-Bromo-2-methylphenol 2362-12-1 C7H7BrO
3-Hydroxy-2,4,6-tribromobenzoic acid 3-Hydroxy-2,4,6-tribromobenzoic acid 14348-40-4 C7H3Br3O3
5-Bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)aniline 5-Bromo-2-(trifluoromethoxy)aniline 886762-08-9 C7H5BrF3NO
(1R,2R)-(+)-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane L-tartrate (1R,2R)-(+)-1,2-Diaminocyclohexane L-tartrate 39961-95-0 C10H20N2O6
ALPHA-METHYLBENZYL ALCOHOL ALPHA-METHYLBENZYL ALCOHOL 13323-81-4 C8H10O
2-(Trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid 2-(Trifluoromethoxy)benzoic acid 1979-29-9 C8H5F3O3
1,4-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid 1,4-Cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid 1076-97-7 C8H12O4
Methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate Methyl trifluoromethanesulfonate 333-27-7 C2H3F3O3S
3-Chloropropyltrimethoxysilane 3-Chloropropyltrimethoxysilane 2530-87-2 C6H15ClO3Si
Cycloheptanone Cycloheptanone 502-42-1 C7H12O
Ethyl 4-[[(ethylphenylamino)methylene]amino]benzoate Ethyl 4-[[(ethylphenylamino)methylene]amino]benzoate 65816-20-8 C18H20N2O2
2-amino-3-iodo-benzoic acid 2-amino-3-iodo-benzoic acid 20776-55-0 C7H6INO2
CAPRYLOHYDROXAMIC ACID CAPRYLOHYDROXAMIC ACID 7377-03-9 C8H17NO2
3-Methylsalicylic acid 3-Methylsalicylic acid 83-40-9 C8H8O3
Ethyl 4-iodobenzoate Ethyl 4-iodobenzoate 51934-41-9 C9H9IO2
Cyclopropanecarbonitrile Cyclopropanecarbonitrile 5500-21-0 C4H5N
Methyl 4-chlorocarbonylbenzoate Methyl 4-chlorocarbonylbenzoate 7377-26-6 C9H7ClO3
5-BROMO-2-CHLOROANISOLE 5-BROMO-2-CHLOROANISOLE 16817-43-9 C7H6BrClO
Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin 94035-02-6 C54H102O39
4-Ethylphenylboronic acid 4-Ethylphenylboronic acid 63139-21-9 C8H11BO2
Divinyltetramethyldisiloxane Divinyltetramethyldisiloxane 2627-95-4 C8H18OSi2
2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 2,6-Dihydroxybenzoic acid 303-07-1 C7H6O4
3-Methoxyacetophenone 3-Methoxyacetophenone 586-37-8 C9H10O2
Sodium 1-heptanesulfonate Sodium 1-heptanesulfonate 22767-50-6 C7H17NaO3S
4-Bromobenzaldehyde 4-Bromobenzaldehyde 1122-91-4 C7H5BrO
3,4-Dichlorobenzoyl chloride 3,4-Dichlorobenzoyl chloride 3024-72-4 C7H3Cl3O
4-(METHOXYCARBONYL)PHENYLBORONIC ACID 4-(METHOXYCARBONYL)PHENYLBORONIC ACID 99768-12-4 C8H9BO4
2-Methoxyethyl chloride 2-Methoxyethyl chloride 627-42-9 C3H7ClO
Dimethyl 1,3-acetonedicarboxylate Dimethyl 1,3-acetonedicarboxylate 1830-54-2 C7H10O5
3,3-Dimethyl-1-butyne 3,3-Dimethyl-1-butyne 917-92-0 C6H10
4-Hydroxybenzophenone 4-Hydroxybenzophenone 1137-42-4 C13H10O2
o-Anisaldehyde o-Anisaldehyde 135-02-4 C8H8O2
Borane-tetrahydrofuran complex Borane-tetrahydrofuran complex 14044-65-6 C4H11BO
Diaminomaleonitrile Diaminomaleonitrile 1187-42-4 C4H4N4
Nitrilotriacetic acid Nitrilotriacetic acid 139-13-9 C6H9NO6
Ethyl 3-ethoxyacrylate Ethyl 3-ethoxyacrylate 1001-26-9 C7H12O3
2,4-Dichlorobenzoic acid 2,4-Dichlorobenzoic acid 50-84-0 C7H4Cl2O2
2-Amino-4-bromophenol 2-Amino-4-bromophenol 40925-68-6 C6H6BrNO
Ethyl malonyl chloride Ethyl malonyl chloride 36239-09-5 C5H7ClO3
2,4,6-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde 2,4,6-Trimethoxybenzaldehyde 830-79-5 C10H12O4
Methyl benzoylformate Methyl benzoylformate 15206-55-0 C9H8O3
1,5-Diphenylcarbazide 1,5-Diphenylcarbazide 140-22-7 C13H14N4O
Oxybenzone Oxybenzone 131-57-7 C14H12O3
2-AMINO-6-FLUOROBENZOTRIFLUORIDE 2-AMINO-6-FLUOROBENZOTRIFLUORIDE 123973-22-8 C7H5F4N
2,6-Difluorobenzoyl chloride 2,6-Difluorobenzoyl chloride 18063-02-0 C7H3ClF2O
N-[4-Cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methacrylamide epoxide N-[4-Cyano-3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]methacrylamide epoxide 90357-51-0 C12H9F3N2O2
4-CARBOXY-3-CHLOROPHENYLBORONIC ACID 4-CARBOXY-3-CHLOROPHENYLBORONIC ACID 136496-72-5 C7H6BClO4
9,9-Bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene 9,9-Bis(4-aminophenyl)fluorene 15499-84-0 C25H20N2
trans-4-(4-Pentylcyclohexyl)benzonitrile trans-4-(4-Pentylcyclohexyl)benzonitrile 61204-01-1 C18H25N
5-Phenyltetrazole 5-Phenyltetrazole 18039-42-4 C7H6N4
Methyl 2-amino-3-methylbenzoate Methyl 2-amino-3-methylbenzoate 22223-49-0 C9H11NO2
p-Phenylenediamine p-Phenylenediamine 106-50-3 C6H8N2
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