Phthalsure Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden
ERSCHEINUNGSBILD
KRISTALLINES PULVER
PHYSIKALISCHE GEFAHREN
Staubexplosion der pulverisierten oder granulierten Substanz in Gemischen mit Luft möglich.
CHEMISCHE GEFAHREN
Schwache Säure in wässriger Lösung.
ARBEITSPLATZGRENZWERTE
TLV nicht festgelegt.
MAK: IIb (nicht festgelegt, aber Informationen vorhanden) (DFG 2006)
INHALATIONSGEFAHREN
Eine belästigende Partikelkonzentration in der Luft kann schnell erreicht werden.
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION
WIRKUNGEN BEI KURZZEITEXPOSITION: Die Substanz reizt die Augen, die Haut und die Atemwege.
LECKAGE
Persönliche Schutzausrüstung: Atemschutzgerät, P1-Filter für inerte Partikel. Verschüttetes Material in abgedeckten Behältern sammeln; falls erforderlich durch Anfeuchten Staubentwicklung verhindern. Reste mit viel Wasser wegspülen.
R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
R36/37/38:Reizt die Augen, die Atmungsorgane und die Haut.
S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:
S26:Bei Berührung mit den Augen sofort gründlich mit Wasser abspülen und Arzt konsultieren.
S36:DE: Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzkleidung tragen.
S37/39:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzbrille/Gesichtsschutz tragen.
Beschreibung
Phthalic acid is an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, with formula C
6H
4(CO
2H)
2. It is an isomer of isophthalic acid and terephthalic acid. Although phthalic acid is of modest commercial importance, the closely related derivative phthalic anhydride is a commodity chemical produced on a large scale.
Chemische Eigenschaften
PHTHALIC ACID,C6H4(COOH)2, mp 208 °C (ortho), 330 °C (meta and iso), the ortho form sublimes and the meta and iso forms decompose with heat, sp gr 1.593 (ortho). Phthalic acid is very slightly soluble in H2O, soluble in alcohol, and slightly soluble in ether. The solid form is colorless, crystalline
Verwenden
It is a dibasic acid, with pKa's of 2.89 and 5.51. The mono potassium salt, potassium hydrogen phthalate is a standard acid in analytical chemistry. Typically phthalate esters are prepared from the widely available phthalic anhydride. Reduction of phthalic acid with sodium amalgam in the presence of water gives the 1,3- cyclohexadiene derivative.
Vorbereitung Methode
Phthalic acid is produced by the catalytic oxidation of naphthalene directly to phthalic anhydride and a subsequent hydrolysis of the anhydride.
Phthalic acid was first obtained by French chemist Auguste Laurent in 1836 by oxidizing naphthalene tetrachloride. Believing the resulting substance to be a naphthalene derivative, he named it "naphthalic acid". After the Swiss chemist Jean Charles Galissard de Marignac determined its correct formula, Laurent gave it its present name. Manufacturing methods in the nineteenth century included oxidation of naphthalene tetrachloride with nitric acid, or, better, oxidation of the hydrocarbon with fuming sulfuric acid, using mercury or mercury(II) sulfate as a catalyst.
Definition
phthalic acid: colourlesscrystalline dicarboxylic acid,C
6H
4(COOH)
2; r.d. 1.6; m.p. 207°C.The two –COOH groups are substitutedon adjacent carbon atoms ofthe ring, the technical name beingbenzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid. Theacid is made from phthalic anhydride(benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride,C
8H
4O
3), which is made by the catalyticoxidation of naphthalene. Theanhydride is used in making plasticizersand polyester resins.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
White crystals or fine white powder.
Air & Water Reaktionen
Insoluble in water.
Reaktivität anzeigen
Phthalic acid is a carboxylic acid. Phthalic acid is sensitive to exposure to extreme heat. Phthalic acid reacts violently with nitric acid. Phthalic acid is incompatible with sodium nitrite. Phthalic acid is also incompatible with oxidizers. .
Brandgefahr
Phthalic acid is combustible.
Sicherheitsprofil
Moderately toxic by
ingestion and intraperitoneal routes. A skin
and mucous membrane irritant.
Combustible when heated. In the form of
dust (anhydride) it can explode. Mixtures
with sodmm nitrite explode when heated.
Violent reaction with HNO3. When heated
to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes. Used in synthesis of dyes
and dyestuffs, in medcines and perfumes.
Sicherheit(Safety)
The toxicity of phthalic acid is low with LD
50 (mouse) of 550 mg/kg. However, many phthalate esters have been implicated as endocrine disruptors.
läuterung methode
Crystallise phthalic acid from water. [Beilstein 9 IV 3167.]
Phthalsure Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte
Upstream-Materialien
Downstream Produkte
