과산화아세트산

과산화아세트산 속성

과산화아세트산 C화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

정량법

  (1) 과산화초산 및 초산 : 이 품목 약 1g을 정밀히 달아 물 100mL를 가하여 시험용액으로 한다. 옥타데실실릴화 실리카겔 미니컬럼(500mg)에 메탄올 5mL를 주입한 후 이어서 물 10mL를 주입하고 유출액은 버린다. 이 컬럼에 시험용액 10mL를 주입하고, 유출액은 100mL 비이커에 취한다. 이어 물 10mL를 주입하고 유출액을 같은 비이커에 넣어 합치고 물 약 30mL를 가하여 0.1mol/L 수산화나트륨용액으로 전위차계를 이용하여 적정한다. 이때 지시전극은 유리전극, 기준전극은 염화은(AgCl)전극을 사용한다. 제1 변곡점 및 제2 변곡점에서 0.1mol/L 수산화나트륨용액의 소비량 a(mL) 및 b(mL)를 구하고, 다음 식에 따라 과산화초산 및 초산의 함량을 구한다.

칼    럼

  옥타데실실릴화 실리카겔 미니컬럼(500mg) : 내경이 10～25mm인 폴리에틸렌의 관에 옥타데실실릴화 실리카겔 0.5g을 충전한 것 또는 이와 동등한 분리특성을 가지는 컬럼이다.

  (2) 과산화수소 : 이 품목 약 1g을 정밀히 달아 물을 가하여 정확히 100mL로 한다. 이 액 10mL를 정확히 취하여 250mL 삼각플라스크에 넣고 차갑게 식힌 0.5mol/L 황산용액 75mL를 가하여 시험용액으로 한다. 이 시험용액에 페로인시액 2 방울을 가하고 0.1mol/L 황산세륨(IV)용액으로 적정한다. 적정의 종말점은 주황색이 엷은 적색을 거쳐 무색으로 변하는 경우로 한다. 다음 식에 따라 과산화수소의 함량을 구한다.

정의

  이 품목은 과산화수소 및 초산을 반응하여 얻어지는 것으로 유효성분으로 과산화초산, 과산화수소 및 초산을 함유하는 것 또는 과산화수소, 초산 및 카프릴산(이명 : 옥탄산)을 반응하여 얻어지는 것으로 유효성분으로 과산화초산, 과산화옥탄산, 과산화수소, 카프릴산 및 초산을 함유하는 것을 말한다. 다만, 희석 또는 품질안정 등을 위하여 1-하이드록시에틸리덴-1,1-디포스포닌산을 첨가할 수 있다.

개요

Since the early 1900s, chlorine has been used as a water disinfectant. It was favored by water and wastewater industries for disinfection until several harmful disinfection by-products were discovered in chlorinated water. Studies were done to find and eliminate disinfection byproduct precursors and look for an alternative disinfectant, which turned out to be peracetic acid, or PAA. Peracetic acid is a chemical product belonging to peroxide compounds such as hydrogen peroxide. However, unlike hydrogen peroxide, it is a more potent antimicrobial agent. Peracetic acid has high germicidal efficiency and sterilizing capability, and its degradation residuals are not dangerous to the environment or toxic to human health. Until 1960, peracetic acid was of special interest to the food processing industry and actually was considered the only agent able to replace glutaraldehyde in the sterilization of surgical, medical, and odontoiatry instruments. The actual core medical applications of peracetic acid are its potent antimicrobial action, also at low temperatures, and the total absence of toxic residuals.

화학적 성질

colourless liquid with an acrid odour

용도

Peroxyacetic acid is used as an epoxidizingagent, for bleaching, as a germicide and fungicide, and in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals.Its solution Dialox is used as a cleansing andsterilizing agent in the reuse of highly permeable dialyzers. Turcic et al. (1997) have reported the efficacy of peroxyacetic acid asa local antiseptic in healing war wounds.Oxidative degradation of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons by peroxy acid in contaminated soils has been effectively achieved(N’Guessan et al. 2004).

생산 방법

Peracetic acid (PAA) is a mixture of acetic acid (CH3COOH) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in an aqueous solution. It is a very strong oxidizing agent and has stronger oxidation potential than chlorine or chlorine dioxide. Liquid, clear, and colorless with no foaming capability. It has a strong pungent acetic acid odor, and the pH is acid . Peracetic acid is produced by reacting acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide. The reaction is allowed to continue for up to 10 days in order to achieve high yields of product. Additional methods of preparation involve the oxidation of acetaldehyde or alternatively as an end product of the reaction of acetic anhydride, hydrogen peroxide, and sulfuric acid. Another method involves the reaction of tetraacetylethylenediamine (TAED) in the presence of an alkaline hydrogen peroxide solution.

일반 설명

Colorless liquid with a strong, pungent acrid odor. Used as a bactericide and fungicide, especially in food processing; as a reagent in making caprolactam and glycerol; as an oxidant for preparing epoxy compounds; as a bleaching agent; a sterilizing agent; and as a polymerization catalyst for polyester resins.

공기와 물의 반응

Soluble in water

반응 프로필

Self-reactive. Peracids should be handled only in small quantities and with extreme care when pure or very concentrated. Organic peracids, such as Peroxyacetic acid, are so unstable that they may explode during distillation, even under reduced pressure [NFPA 1991].

건강위험

Peroxyacetic acid is a severe irritant to theskin and eyes. It can cause severe acid burns.Irritation from 1 mg was severe on rabbits’eyes. Its toxicity is low. The toxicologicalroutes of entry to the body are inhalation,ingestion, and skin contact. The toxicity dataare as follows (NIOSH 1986):LC50 inhalation (rats): 450 mg/m³
LD50 oral (mice): 210 mg/kg
LD50 oral (guinea pigs): 10 mg/kg
Its toxicity in humans should be very low,and a health hazard may arise only fromits severe irritant action. Studies on miceshowed that it caused skin tumors at the siteof application. Its carcinogenicity on humansis not reported. No exposure limit is set forperoxyacetic acid in air.

화재위험

Decomposes violently at 230F. When heated to decomposition, Peroxyacetic acid emits acrid smoke and fumes. Runoff to sewer may create a fire or explosion hazard. Powerful oxidizer. Isolate from other stored material, particularly accelerators, oxidizers, and organic or flammable materials. Avoid shock and heat. Hazardous polymerization may not occur.

인화성 및 폭발성

Peracetic acid explodes when heated to 110 °C, and the pure compound is extremely shock sensitive. Virtually all peracids are strong oxidizing agents and decompose explosively on heating. Moreover, most peracids are highly flammable and can accelerate the combustion of other flammable materials if present in a fire. Fires involving peracetic acid can be fought with water, dry chemical, or halon extinguishers. Containers of peracetic acid heated in a fire may explode.

농업용

Fungicide, Herbicide, Nematicide, Rodenticide, Microbiocide: This compound is used as bactericide and fungicide, especially in food processing, a reagent in making caprolactam and glycerol; an oxidant for preparing epoxy compounds; a bleaching agent; a sterilizing agent; and a polymerization catalyst for polyester resins. Not approved for use in EU countries. Registered for use in the U.S. and Canada.

상품명

DESOXON 1®; ESTOSTERIL®; OSBON AC®; OXYMASTER®; PROXITANE®

Safety Profile

Poison by ingestion. Moderately toxic by inhalation and skin contact. A corrosive eye, sktn, and mucous membrane irritant. Questionable carcinogen with experimental tumorigenic data by skin contact. Flammable liquid. Severe explosion hazard when exposed to heat or by spontaneous chemical reaction. Explodes violently at 1 10°C. A powerful oxidizing agent. Explosive reaction with acetic anhydride, 5-p-chlorophenyl-2,2-dimethyl-3hexanone. Violent reaction with ether solvents (e.g., tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether), metal chloride solutions (e.g., calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium chloride), olefins, organic matter. Dangerous; keep away from combustible materials. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. To fight fire, use water, foam, CO2. Used as a polymerization initiator, curing agent, and cross-linhng agent. See also PEROXIDES, ORGANIC.

환경귀착

Routes and pathways, and relevant physicochemical properties (e.g., solubility, Pow, Henry constant,.)
Melting point ? 0.2 °C.
Log Kow ? 1.07.
Solubility: very soluble in ether, sulfuric acid, and ethanol; miscible with water 1.0 × 10⁶ mg l1 at 25 °C.
Henry’s law constant ? 2.14 × 106 atm-m3 mol1 at 25 °C
Environmental persistency (degradation/speciation)
Peracetic acid is formed naturally in the environment through a series of photochemical reactions involving formaldehyde and photo oxidant radicals. The pKa of peracetic acid is 8.2, indicating that this compound exists partially in anion form in the environment, and anions generally do not adsorb more strongly to soils containing organic carbon and clay than their neutral counterparts. It degrades in the environment very quickly but has no potential to bioaccumulate. Its ultimate fate in the environment is in the basic molecules of carbon dioxide, oxygen, and water.
Bioaccumulation and biomagnification
An estimated BCF of 3 was calculated in fish for peracetic acid, using an estimated log Kow of -1.07 and a regression-derived equation. The BCF suggests that the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low.

저장

Reactions involving large quantities of peracids should be carried out behind a safety shield. Peracetic acid should be used only in areas free of ignition sources and should be stored in tightly sealed containers in areas separate from oxidizable compounds and flammable substances. Other commonly available peracids, such as perbenzoic acid and m-chloroperbenzoic acid (MCPBA), are less toxic, less volatile, and more easily handled than peracetic acid.

비 호환성

Peracids such as peracetic acid are strong oxidizing agents and react exothermically with easily oxidized substrates. In some cases the heat of reaction can be sufficient to induce ignition, at which point combustion is accelerated by the presence of the peracid. Violent reactions may potentially occur, for example, with ethers, metal chloride solutions, olefins, and some alcohols and ketones. Shock-sensitive peroxides may be generated by the action of peracids on these substances as well as on carboxylic anhydrides. Some metal ions, including iron, copper, cobalt, chromium, and manganese, may cause runaway peroxide decomposition. Peracetic acid is also reportedly sensitive to light.

폐기물 처리

Excess peracetic acid and waste material containing this substance should be placed in an appropriate container, clearly labeled, and handled according to your institution's waste disposal guidelines. Peracids may be incompatible with other flammable mixed chemical waste; for example, shock-sensitive peroxides can be generated by reaction with some ethers such as THF and diethyl ether.

과산화아세트산 준비 용품 및 원자재

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